教你发美音Course #2LESSON 2: MORE DIPHTHONGS AND VOWELS
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    SECTION I: DIPHTHONGS {Counter #.......}

    [LANGUAGE NOTE: Diphthongs (also know as double vowels) are significantly different in American English than in almost any other language or dialect in the world. So it doesn't matter what language you come from, you must learn to produce these sounds with the "quick downward glide" and the rear tongue these sounds with they possess in standard American speech, Practice them here in lesson #2, and go back and review the earlier diphthong lesson in Course # 1, Lesson # 5. Practicing the pronunciations of diphthongs gives you the perfect opportunity to combine pronunciation with the rear-tongue speech impulse that you learned in lesson #1. }

    L 2/ S1-A: THE "LONG I" Phonetic Symbol: [ a I ]

     

    COMMON SPELLING:
    "i+consonant+e" as in LIFE, ADVICE
    " y" as in PYLON, SHY, DRY
    "i" as in VIRUS, CRISIS, CHINA
    OCCASIONAL SPELLINGS:
    "igh" as in HIGH, FIGHT "ai" as in AISLE

     

    I'M, FINE, ARRIVE, CLIMB, TRIAL

    Here are more words and sentences for this diphthong which aren't recorded on the tape.

     

    erudite pylon shiner aisle lice high
    appetite polite while Eliza flie icy
    skylight crucify sideline fight icon eye
    baptize identity slicing crime idle die
    concise twilight crisis crime Nile dry
    advice briny dried right fire side
    thrice China virus night rye ride
    pyrite myopic spicy light shy time
    pliers pliable style bright cry life


    - It's the right time to find a gold mine in the sky.
    - I transcribed five dialogues, but I don't know why.
    - The sight of dry land was exciting for Ira.
    - A life of violent crime is a sign of t he times.
    - Eliza was the pride of the science fair.
    - Fried pike is sliced for Friday night's supper.
    - Ivy vines are tied down behind the shutters.
    - My guide and I had a fine time on the Nile.
    - Please recite ironic rhymes of an iambic kind.
    - Blind justice presided at the indictment.
    - Dried spice is likely to be appetizing.

     

    L 2/ S1-B: THE "AH-OO"

    Phonetic Symbol: [ a u ]

     

    COMMON SPELLINGS:
    "ou" as in POUND, LOUD, OUT, MOUND, POUCH
    " ow" as in COWARD, CROWN, WOW, COW, SHOWER
    HOUR, OUT, SOUND, CROWN, TOWN

    Now here are lots more words and sentences for this diphthong which are not recorded on the tape:

     

    coward carouse crowd mouse count down
    powder confound crown douse round town
    pouch flounder cloud louse flower out
    amount abound shroud hound proud cow
    denounce profound trowel mound about bow
    ounce allowed dowel pound bound now
    pronoun round towel around foul how
    mountain brown trounce house rout wow
    south shower pounce doubt oust lout


    - The loudest hound in town bow-wowed at the mouse.
    - The lout proudly scowled at those in the household.
    - The coward found a trowel and plowed into the mound.
    - I doubt t hat the louse will pound down the flowers.
    - The crowd loudly prowled the streets of the town.
    - The cow was doused by a shower out of the cloud.
    - I found that I had gained about a pound.
    - He counted the hours and vowed to get out of the house.
    - The sow, the mouse and the cow sounded a rousing song.
    - Wild flowers abound in out-of-the-way mountains.

    L 2/ S1-C: THE "AW-EE" Phonetic Symbol:

     

    COMMON SPELLINGS:
    "oy" as in FOYER, JOYCE, OYSTER,
    "oi" as in SPOIL, VOID, NOISE

     

    OYSTER, OIL, SOIL, MOISTURE, ANNOYED, JOYFUL, SOYBEAN

    And here are still more words and sentences for this diphthong which aren't recorded on the tape.

     

    foyer despoil moisture ointment ploy Roy
    Joyce Boise cloister oyster poi joy
    rejoice buoyancy hoist choice coin Troy
    foible broil annoy exploit coy boy
    recoil asteroid soy sauce enjoy coil join
    goiter appoint soybean royal toil soy
    poise avoid Lloyd loyal foil oink
    vice voyeur pointed noise loin oily
    devoid anoint doily poignant oil soil


    - The boy joined in the noise.
    - Loyal Lloyd anointed the royal head with oil.
    - Boyle put soy sauce on the boiled oysters.
    - He coiled around the moist cloister pillars.
    - He toiled to hoist the soybeans from the soil.
    - The boisterous boy oiled the noisy toy.
    - He foiled the exploits of those who were loitering.
    - Ointment is the best choice for your aching joints.
    - Joyce's poignant remark annoyed Roy Foy.
    - The noisy boy lost his voice while rejoicing.
    - The royalty exploited their loyal subjects.

    The following are sentences containing all of the diphthongs. Use the proper technique as you repeat them after they are modeled on the tape.

     

    - I GET AROUND THE TOWN QUITE WELL.
    - THE BOY CAN'T FIND HIS LOUD TOY.
    - HE WAS ANNOYED BY THE LOUD SOUNDS OF THE NIGHT.
    - THE SIGN HE PAINTED WAS MOIST AFTER THE AWFUL RAIN SHOWER

    SECTION II: SINGLE VOWELS {Counter #.........}

    L 2/ S2-贏: THE "UH" Phonetic Symbol: [ ?]

    [LANGUAGE NOTE: As you already learned in Course # 1, Lesson #1, this vowel simply doesn't exist in most of the world's languages, Following the instructions on the tape for producing this sound regardless of what language you first spoke.]

     

    COMMON SPELLING: "u" as in UNDER, STUBBORN, HUT, US "o" as in MOTHER, LOVE, COME, OF
    OCCASIONAL SPELLINGS: " ou" as in SOUTHERN " oo" as in BLOOD " as " as in ABOVE

     

    UNDER, MOTHER, LOVE, HUNT, SUCH
    - RUN UP TO YOUR BROTHER'S HUNTING.
    - THE DOVE FLEW UP ABOVE THE CLOUDS.
    - HIS MOTHER COOKED SUPPER, BUT NOTHING COULD COMFORT HER SON.

    And now more drills for this vowel which aren't recorded on the tape.

     

    stubborn exult hunter Ulster rush nun
    stucco deluxe trouble cover hush hut
    struggle discuss wonder alone hull cut
    study brush lunch crush come bus
    stump brunt upper chuck bunk us
    ruffle budget nothing above bump some
    rummage abduct unused slumber club of
    glutton mumble until slush dump up


    - This stuntman stumbles and tumbles in the mud.
    - A mother's love is above that of another
    - Some suds from the supper dishes were in a dull puddle.
    - The puppy covered up the other couple's lunch.
    - The blood under the bud vase was trouble for Gus.
    - The drunk number something into his cup.
    - At an upper crust brunch one must wear gloves.
    - The drunk mumbled something into his cup.
    - The dumb puppet crust brunch one must wear gloves.
    - Southern hunters used clubs and lived in huts.
    - The glutton lunged for the crumbs of the crusty buns.

    L 2/ S2-B: THE "SHORT A" Phonetic Symbol: [ ?]

    [LANGUAGE NOTE: As you learned in Course # 1, this is another vowels which doesn't exist in most of the world's languages, Follow the instructions on the tape for producing this sound regardless of what language you first spoke. ]

     

    COMMON SPELLINGS:
    This vowel is almost always spelled
    with the letter "a" as in:
    HAND, AT, BACK, FABRIC

     

    SAD, MAD, CAT, GRASS, BAT, TRACK, MAN, DANCE

     

    - I HAD TO HAVE A MATCH AFTER THE CANDLE WENT OUT.
    - IT'S NATURAL FOR JACK TO BAT ONE-HANDED.
    - STAN AND JOANNE ARE STANDING IN THE BACK OF THE BANK.

     

    AFTER, GRANT, FRANCE, EXAMPLE, DRAFT, CRAFT, COMMAND

    Now more practice on this vowel with drills you will not hear on the tape:

     

    after passage adding rammed man Sam
    basket baggage halfway anthill ask path
    castle trap passed command as mass
    France alcove bashful disaster aft rank
    answer ample accept master Pam tank
    soprano snack lamps absolute wax bank
    laugh apples anthem ambulance lad Alps
    shatter annual handsome frank hand bass
    glass admiral sandwich fabric bath math


    - The soprano laughed as she shattered the glass.
    - The passengers and baggage were trapped in the alcove.
    - Pam made an ample snack of the wax apples.
    - Lady Aster handed the annual to the wax apples.
    - Ask any bashful man in Alabama and accept his answer.
    - The huddled masses sang the National Anthem.
    - Let's have a lamb and ham sandwich.
    - Sam rammed the flag into the anthill.
    - During the disaster the master commanded the castle.
    - The staff had a rash of bad habits.

    L 2/ S2-贑: "SHORT O" as "AH" Phonetic Symbol: [ a ]

    LANGUAGE NOTE: Even though the AH-vowel does exist in almost all of the world's language, it is usually not spelled with the letter "o" So, everyone, regardless of first language group, should practice not rounding this Short-O. ]

     

    COMMON SPELLING:
    "o" as in ROCK, OXYGEN, FOX, ON, POCKET

     

    OCCASIONAL SPELLING:
    " a " as in WHAT, WANT, WATCH, CALM, SWAMP, FATHER

     

    ON, HOT, HONEST, GOD, LOCK, POSITIVE, OCCUPY

     

    - PLEASE RESPOND HONESTLY AND CONFIDENTLY.
    - I HAVEN'T GOTTEN ANY KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE NEW CONTEST.
    - THE ROCKS AND THE LOGS ARE ON ROOF OF THE COTTAGE.
    - HE WAS POSITIVE ABOUT THE HONOR OF GOD.

     

    WHAT, WANT, WATCH, WASH, FATHER, CALM, SWAMP, SPA
    - MY FATHER WANTED TO GO TO THE SPA.
    - WHICH CLOTHES DO YOU WANT TO WASH TONIGHT?
    - HE WALKED INTO THE SWAMP VERY CALMLY.

    Now practice this vowel on these extra drills which aren't recorded on the tape

     

    rock response lock jalopy
    opera honor golf jonquil
    obstinate oxygen locksmith common
    odd opposite confidence almond
    on obvious obelisk fox
    bog occupy monogamy plot
    pocket knock gondola Adonis
    stop sock plotted positive
    option obligate grotto constitute
    spa aqua calm swamp
    Utah balmy father want


    - He occupied the gondola of the golf cart.
    - The rocket short toward the opposite air lock
    - The obstinate opera singer was preoccupied.
    - Becket was positive about the honor of God.
    - Move the fox from the rocks to the bog.
    - He was confident about giving an obstinate response.
    - The frog got groggy and hopped away.
    - Anonymous l letters commonly dishonor Adonis.
    - Oxygen is commonly found in air pockets.
    - The rock grotto was obviously on final option.
    - I'm obligated to respond with fondest acknowledgments.

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