1. [词海垂钓]从词典中“钓”出一串同根词吧。
ap-(ad-)=to
2. [举一反三]根据已知单词的词义推断出其同根词的词义。
已知:imprison v.关押,监禁;禁锢,限制
求:① imprisoner n.
② imprisonment n.
③ imprisonable a.
3. [同义相连]将左栏中的单词和右栏中相对应的词义连接起来。
① apprehensive a.斥责的,指摘的
② comprehensive b.理解的;广泛的
③ reprehensive c.抓住的;领会的
④ prehensive d.忧虑的;能理解的
⑤ enterprising e.有事业心的;有魄力的
4. [寻根问底]指出下列单词的词根并领会其词义的由来。
① apprise/apprize v.通知,告知
apprisal n.通知,报告
② reprise v.报复
reprisal n.报复;报复行动
③ prize n.捕获品,战利品;捕获
④ prehension n.抓住,握住;领会,掌握
5. [节外生枝] prehend在法语中还有个异体prent,记住两个同根词。
① apprentice n.学徒,初学者 v.使当学徒
② apprenticeship n.学徒身份;见习(期)
75. press [L]=to press压
press是个非常显现的拉丁词根,因为它成为英语的单根词press,广为初学者所认识。press来自拉丁动词pressare,意为to press(压),其动名词pressum的词干也是press,所以不存在异形根。
press [press=to press压→]Ⅰv.① put steady force on压:to press the doorbell按门铃②squeeze挤取,榨取:to press the grapes to produce wine榨葡萄汁造酒③ emphasize with force强调,坚持:to press for a reform on the education坚持要求教育改革Ⅱn.① the act of pressing压,按:three presses on the bell按三下铃② printed publications or news organizations as a group出版业,新闻机构:Oxford University Press牛津大学出版社
▽pressing [press v.;-ing n.] a.迫切的;坚持的
pressure [press v.;-ure n.] n.压,按;压力;紧迫
express [ex-=out出;press=to press压→] v.① press out榨,挤压出:to express juice from the oranges榨橙汁② show;reveal表达,体现:to express one's anger表露出恼怒③ put into words用言词表达,陈述:to express an idea表述思想
▽expression [express;-ion n.] n.表达(法);表现;表情
expressive [express;-ive a.] a.表达的;富于表情的
impress [im-(in-)=in进;press=to press压→] v.① press in;imprint压印;印:to impress one's fingers on a card在卡片上按指印② affectdeeply; influence 给……深刻印象;使感动:He impressed us as sincere.他的诚恳给我们留下很深的印象。
▽impression [impress;-ion n.] n.印记;影响;印象
impressive [impress;-ive a.] a.给人以深刻印象的;感人的
oppress [op-(ob-)=against对抗;press=to press压→“to press against对压,压服→”] v. weigh down使沉重,使烦恼:She was oppressed with worry.她心事重重。② use power over压迫,压制:The tyrant oppressed his countrymen.暴君压迫百姓。
▽oppression [oppress;-ion n.] n.压迫(手段);压抑,沉闷
oppressive [oppress;-ive a.] a.压迫的;暴虐的;压抑的
compress [com-=together一起;press=to press压→] v.① press together;force into less space压紧;压缩:to compress cotton into bales将棉花打包 ② condence; shorten 压缩(言语);精练:She compressed one-hour lecture into a ten-minute talk.她将一小时的讲座压缩成十分钟的访谈。
▽compression [compress;-ion n.] n.压紧,压缩;简练的措词
compressive [compress;-ive a.] a.有压缩力的,起压缩作用的
depress [de-=down下;press=to press压→] v.① press down压下,按下:Depress the brake pedal.按下刹车闸。② lessen减少:to depress the income减少收入 ③ make sad or gloomy使抑郁,使消沉:The sad movie depressed her.看了那部悲伤的电影她心情抑郁。
▽depression [depress;-ion n.] n.按下;降低;抑郁;萧条
depressive [depress;-ive a.] a.令人沮丧的;压抑的
repress [re-=back回;press=to press压→“to press back压回去”→] v.① hold back or keep down抑制,约束:to repress one's anger制怒② hold down or control unfairly镇压,压制:to repress civil rights压制公民权利
▽repression [repress;-ion n.] n.抑制;压制;镇压
repressive [repress;-ive a.] a.抑制的,压制的,强制性的
suppress [sup-(sub-)=under在……之下;press=to press压→“to press down压在下面”→] v.① keep back from public knowledge禁示发表,查禁:to suppress information封锁消息② hold back deliberately抑制,忍住:to suppress a laugh忍住不笑③put an end to the activities of压制;禁止:to suppress democratic movement压制民主运动
▽suppression [suppress;-ion n.] n.压制;禁止;忍住;隐瞒
suppressive [suppress;-ive a.] a.压制的;起抑制作用的