1. [词海垂钓]从词典中“钓”出一串同根词吧。
① en-(=on)
② counter-(=against)
2. [举一反三]根据已知单词的词义推断出其同根词的词义。
例:designate v.指派→redesignate v.再指派
① design v.设计→redesign v.
② sign v.署名→re-sign v.
③ assign v.分配→reassign v.
3. [词义判断]选择最恰当的词义。
① unsigned A.未署名的 B.非预谋的 C.未分配的
② unassigned A.未署名的 B.非预谋的 C.未分配的
③ undesigned A.未署名的 B.非预谋的 C.未分配的
4. [由此及彼]根据已知单词的词义推断出其同根词的词义。
① significant a.有意义的→insignificant a.
② significance n.重要性→insignificance n.
5. [同义相连]将左栏中的单词和右栏中相对应的词义连接起来。
① signer a.示意者;符号
② signaler b.设计者;时装设计师
③ signifier c.信号员,通讯兵
④ consigner d.委托人;发货人
⑤ designer e.签名者,签字者
6. [寻根问底]指出下列单词的词根并领会其词义的由来。
① cosignatory a.连名签署的
② countersignature n.副署签名,连署签名
③ equal-sign n.等号
④ insignia n.徽章,识别符号
⑤ predesignate v.预先指定
⑥ presignify v.预示,预兆
⑦ signet n.私章;小图章
⑧ undersign v.签名于(信、文件的)末尾
86. sist [L]=to stand站立
常用词assist,consist,insist和resist的词根是sist,它来自拉丁动词sistere,意思是to stand(站立)。
assist [as-(ad-)=to, at在;sist=to stand站→“to stand at one's side站在某人身边”→] v. help帮助:He assisted me in grading the papers.他帮我评阅考卷。
▽assistance [assist;-ance n.] n.帮助;援助
assistant [assist;-ant n./a.] n.助手;助理 a.辅助的;助理的
consist [con-(com-)=together一起;sist=to stand站→“to stand or place together站在或放在一起”→] v. ① be made up (of) 由……组成:Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen. 水由氢和氧组成。② be agreeable并存,一致:Theory should consist with practice.理论应与实践相一致。
▽consistence [consist;-ence n.] n.坚固性;浓度;密度
insist [in-=on上;sist=to stand站→“to stand on站上,一直站着”→] v. declare firmly坚决主张;坚持认为:He insisted on his correctness.他坚持认为自己正确。
▽insistence [insist;-ence n.] n.坚持;坚决主张
resist [re-=against对抗;sist=to stand站立→“to stand against对立”→] v. fight against;oppose抵抗;反对:to resist an aggression反抗侵略
▽resistance [resist;-ance n.] n.抵抗;反抗
resistible [resist;-ible a.] a.抵抗得住的
exist [ex-=out出来;(s)ist=to stand站→“to stand out or forth站出来”→“to appear出现”→] v.① have an actual being实际存在:The Roman Empire existed for several centuries. 古罗马帝国历时数百年之久。② be real, or live生存:We can't exist without air.没有空气我们就无法生存。
▽existence [exist;-ence n.] n.存在;存在物;生存
persist [per-=throughout始终;sist=to stand站→“to stand throughout 始终站着”→] v.① continue firmly坚持:He persisted in the experiment and succeeded in the end.他坚持实验终获成功。② continue to exist继续存在,持续:The bad weather will persist for several days.坏天气还会持续好几天。
▽persistence [persist;-ence n.] n.坚持;持续
desist [de-=away离开;sist=to stand站立→“to stand away from one's job离开工作站在一旁”→] v. leave off;cease撇下;停止:As soon as the teacher went away, they desisted from reading.老师一走开,他们就扔下书不念了。
▽desistence [desist;-ence n.] n.停止
subsist [sub-=under在……之下;sist =to stand站立→“to stand under some pressure 在压力之下站立着”→] v. ① stand fast, or remain坚持;维持:A school cannot subsist without students.没有学生学校就无法维持。② keep alive维持生活,生存:to subsist on wages靠工资为生
▽subsistence [subsist;-ence n.] n.生存;生活维持费