359. During the years following the First World War, however, Federal, State, and local governments gradually began to exercise a measure of control over the day nurseries, chiefly by licensing them and by inspection and regulating the condition within the nurseries.

译文　然而在一战后的几年里，联邦政府、各州、各地方政府逐渐开始采取措施来控制日托，方式主要是通过向托儿所发放执照、审查并管理其条件。

点睛　本句的主干为...governments...began to exercise a measure...。句首的during...the First World War是该句子的时间状语，chiefly by为介词短语作状语。exercise在句中意为“使用，采取”。a measure of意为“一种……的措施”。

考点归纳　与control相关的短语有：

control over意为“控制；支配”。如：

What we are going to do are controlled over by our brain. 我们所要做的事情是由大脑来支配的。

have control of意为“对……的控制”。如：

The local government has the absolute control of this matter. 对于该事件，当地政府具有绝对的控制权。

beyond/out of control意为“难以控制，失去控制”。如：

The old machine is out of control. 那台旧机器失去控制了。

in (the) control (of)意为“受……控制，管理”。如：

The poor little girl was totally in the control of her evil stepmother. 那个可怜的小女孩完全被她可恶的继母控制了。

lose control of意为“控制不住，驾驭不住”。如：

Something has gone wrong, and later on, it seems that he has lost control of his horse. 好像出什么问题了，过了一会儿，他看起来好像完全驾驭不住他的坐骑了。

take control (of)意为“掌管；控制”。如：

The manager takes control of the daily routine all by himself. 经理对于日常事务全都亲自掌管。

under control意为“情况正常，处于控制之下”。under the control of意为“受……的管辖；处于……的控制之下”。如：

Please make sure that everything was under control, OK? 请确保所有的事情都在掌控之中，好吗？