Genghis Khan, "Khan of Khans", was the great leader of Mongolians. At the end of 12thcentury, he united Mongolian tribes and challenged other powers to expand his huge Mongolianempire, which extended from South China to the Caspian Sea.

In 1277, Khan attacked the West Xia Kingdom (presently Ningxia) and encountered strongresistance. He died of disease and age. The great emperor was later buried secretly accordingto Mongolian custom. It says that after the burial 2,000 men were slaughtered by some 800soldiers who were in turn executed so that the location of the real tomb remains a secret.

Genghis Khan's Mausoleum, rebuilt in 1954 185 kilometers south of Baotou, is a mausoleum, inwhich only his clothing is buried in memory of the great leader. The 5.5 hectares mausoleumincludes three giant yurt halls which house coffins of the Khan, his wife, his son and hisgenerals.

There are four sacrifice ceremonies held annually to commemorate the great hero and leaderof the Mongolian people. The ceremony, held on March 21st on lunar calendar, is thegrandest. After the ceremony, horse racing, archery and wrestling are held as entertainment.

Notes:

1. Genghis Khan's Mausoleum 成吉思汗陵

2. Caspian Sea 里海

3. West Xia Kingdom 西夏王国