神奇的麻醉，使我们中的许多人得以尽可能减少痛苦地进行无数次医疗程序。根据《MedlinePlus》的说法，麻醉是使用麻醉剂来预防手术和其他手术过程中的疼痛。它们可以通过注射，吸入，局部乳液，喷雾，滴眼液或皮肤贴剂施用。麻醉药通常被称为“麻药”，虽然我们中的很多人都经历过麻醉，但是我们中的很多人并不知道麻醉是如何影响身体的不同部位的。
Jennifer Kollman, M.D., director of anesthesia at UCHealth Memorial Hospital Central in Colorado Springs, Colorado tells The Healthy what happens to your brain when you start counting backwards from 100. "A hypnotic agent is given to quiet the thinking part of the brain, the cerebral cortex, and areas of the brain stem associated with awareness," she says. "When you awaken, it's almost like you've time-traveled, feeling like you only fell asleep moments ago." Adding that, "Some people even report dreams afterward."
科罗拉多斯普林斯麻醉科主任 Jennifer Kollman 医学博士告诉健康杂志，当你开始从100倒数时，你的大脑会发生什么。“一种催眠剂可以使大脑中思考的部分、大脑皮层和与意识相关的脑干区域安静下来,”她说。“当你醒来的时候，就好像穿越了时空，感觉就像刚刚睡着一样。”此外，“有些人甚至在事后描述了自己的梦境。”
You also lose your ability to cough and protect your airways while under the influence of anesthetics. There is also the possibility of your stomach contents being emptied into your lungs, which is why patients are asked to not eat for a given period of time before surgeries, notes The Healthy.
在麻醉剂的影响下，你也会失去咳嗽和保护呼吸道的能力。《健康》杂志指出，还有可能将胃内容物排空到肺部，这就是为什么要求患者在手术前一段时间内不要吃东西的原因。
Nitin Sekhri, M.D., medical director of pain management at Westchester Medical Center in Valhalla, New York, tells The Healthy why an empty stomach is necessary. "While often a nuisance, not eating before a general anesthetic is crucial. If your stomach has contents inside of it at the start of the procedure, stomach contents can enter into the lungs causing severe, possibly life-threatening pneumonia."
纽约州瓦尔哈拉韦斯特切斯特医学中心疼痛管理医学总监尼丁·塞赫里(Nitin Sekhri)告诉《健康杂志》为什么需要空腹。“虽然很麻烦，但在全身麻醉前不吃东西是至关重要的。如果在手术开始时胃中有内含物，胃中的内容物就会进入肺部，引起严重的，甚至可能危及生命的肺炎。”
In addition to not being able to protect your airways and lungs, and subduing the thinking part of your brain, anesthesia can also have an affect on your blood pressure. As stated by Healthline, body temperature and intravenous (IV) fluids needed during anesthesia and surgery can elevate blood pressure. And The Healthy says to avoid both high and low blood pressure induced from anesthesia, make sure to give your correct weight to the anesthesiologist for the most accurate dosing.
除了不能保护你的呼吸道和肺部，抑制大脑的思维部分，麻醉也会对你的血压产生影响。如《Healthline》杂志所述，麻醉和手术期间所需的体温和静脉(IV)输液会导致血压升高。《Healthline》提醒要避免麻醉引起的高血压和低血压，请确保提供给麻醉师正确的体重，以获得最准确的剂量。
Anesthetics are a wonder drug for those in need of surgery. If you find yourself about to undergo an operation or medical procedure requiring anesthetics in the future, knowing how it affects your body is good knowledge to have. And remember to ask your doctor or anesthesiologist any further questions about the drug's effects before you go under.
对于需要手术的人来说，麻醉剂是一种神奇的药物。如果你发现自己将来要接受需要麻醉的手术或医疗程序，那么知道它如何影响你的身体是很好的知识。请记住，在进行治疗之前，请咨询您的医生或麻醉师有关药物作用的任何其他问题。
