1.糖精发明者：康斯坦丁法堡和伊拉雷森
时间：1879年
事情发生的经过：在研究了一整天的煤矿衍生物之后，法堡离开他约翰霍金大学的实验室回家吃晚饭。
大发现：他吃到了某种特别甜的东西(明显不是晚饭本身)，于是他追溯到了自己手上沾到的某种化学成分(沪江小编注：糖精，从煤焦油中提取的物质。)而且最棒的是，这种糖精完全没有热量。
结果：法堡摒弃了伊拉(指导他完成论文的导师)和所在大学，偷偷申请了糖精的专利……
Inventors: Constantin Fahlberg and Ira Remsen
Year: 1879
WhatHappened: After spending the day studying coal tar derivatives, Fahlberg lefthis Johns Hopkins laboratory and went to dinner。
BigDiscovery: Something he ate tasted particularly sweet, which he traced to achemical compound he'd spilled on his hand. Best of all, it turned out to becalorie-free。
As a result: He cut Remsen andthe university out of millions of dollars when he secretly patented thebreakthrough discovery, saccharin.
2.橡皮泥发明者：詹姆斯怀特
时间：1943年
事情发生的经过：在战时，通用的工程师将硅油和硼酸混合、试图制造出能用于坦克、靴子的橡胶。
大发现：他的尝试没有成功，但科学家们重新设计和延伸了这项发明。
结果：孩子们开始普遍地玩橡皮泥。
Inventor: James Wright
Year: 1943
WhatHappened: During the war years, the General Electric engineer combined siliconeoil and boric acid in an attempt to find a cheap alternative to rubber for tanktreads, boots, etc。
BigDiscovery: It didn't work. But the scientists had a blast bouncing andstretching his mistake, when they weren't using it to transfer comics ontopaper。
As a result: Kids had a blast playing with the SillyPutty too.
3. 口香糖发明者：汤马斯亚当
时间：1870年
事情发生的经过：他在用chicle，一种南美洲的树液做实验，以寻找橡胶的替代物。在无数次失败后，这个郁闷的发明家干脆丢了一块到嘴里!
大发现：他居然喜欢!
结果：亚当纽约一号成为了世界上第一个大批量生产的口香糖!
Inventor: Thomas Adams
Year: 1870
What Happened: He was experimenting with chicle, the sap from a South American tree,as a substitute for rubber. After mounting failures, the dejected invent or popped a piece into his mouth。
Big Discovery: He liked it!
As a result: Adams New York No. 1 became the first mass-produced chewing gum in the world.
4.肉毒素发明者：卡卢瑟夫妇
时间：1987年
事情发生的经过：这对夫妻本来是小剂量地使用这种致命毒素(肉毒杆菌)来治疗斗鸡眼和其他眼部肌肉疾病的，而他们却发现了药物的一些副作用。
大发现：副作用就是，眼部周围的皱纹都奇迹般的消失了!
结果：肉毒杆菌被大量运用于美容界，虽然注射之后会导致整张脸僵硬!
Inventors: Alastair and Jean Carruthers
Year: 1987
WhatHappened: The couple were using small doses of a deadly toxin to treat"crossed eyes" eyelid spasms and other eye-muscle disorders when theynoticed an interesting side effect。
BigDiscovery: Wrinkles magically disappeared。
As a result: The expressionless face became the"it" look, thanks to Botox.
5.艾万可发明者：Pfizer公司的科学家们
时间：1992年
事情发生的经过：为寻找治疗心绞痛的解药，一个威尔士小村庄被夷为平地。尽管损失巨大，科学研究却没有取得任何进展。
大发现：尽管没有成功，参与研究的人员却拒绝放弃他们的药。
结果：科学家们把研究转向，终于把名为Viagra(中文名称艾万可，不用明说了吧……)投入市场，而目的却与刚开始大相径庭。
Inventors: Scientists at Pfizer
Year: 1992
What Happened: A Welsh hamlet was ground zero for a test on a pill to fight angina.Unfortunately for the afflicted, it had little success against the disease。
Big Discovery: Though it didn't work, the men taking part in the study refused togive up their medicine。
As a result: The scientists switched gears and marketed the drug, Viagra, for a very different purpose.
Make good use of them.
