全新英语语法·小学篇:一、祈使句的肯定结构
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    一、祈使句的肯定结构

    (一)Do型祈使句,即:动词原形+宾语+其他成分

    Listen to the teacher carefully.仔细听老师说。

    Open your book.打开书本。

    Stop talking!停止讨论。

    1.祈使句可以加上称呼语,可放句首或句末,用逗号隔开。

    Tom ,turn off the light.汤姆,关一下灯。

    Come in,boys !进来,男孩们。

    2.无论祈使句是肯定还是否定,后面可以加一个简短疑问句“will you”,使语气变得委婉、客气些。

    Give me a hand,will you?帮一下忙,好吗?

    Turn on the radio,will you?打开收音机,好吗?

    Don't close the window,will you?不要关窗,好吗?

    3.祈使句表示请求或客气语气的时候,可以在句首或句尾加上please,如果please放在句末,一定在please前加逗号“,”。

    Please open the door.请开门。

    Open the door,please.请开门。

    (二)Be型祈使句,即:Be+表语(名词/形容词)

    Be a good boy.做个好男孩。

    Be quiet,please.请安静。

    Please be careful.小心一点。

    (三)Let型祈使句,即:Let+宾语(名词/人称代词宾格形式me,him,her ...)+动词原形(+其他成分)

    Let Tom/Mary/the children be there before ten o'clock.

    Let us/me/him/her help the old woman.

    Let's go at once.

    Let the boy go to school by himself.

    1.Let's是Let us的缩写,但是分别有不同意思:

    Let's“让我们一起做……”(包括说话者和听话者)

    Let us“让我们一起做……”(不包括听话者)

    —Mum,it's a sunny day.Let's go to the park.妈妈,今天是个大晴天。让我们一起去公园吧。(和妈妈一起去公园)

    —Tom,let's have dinner together.Tom,我们一起吃晚饭吧。(邀请Tom一起吃晚饭)

    — Mum,we have no homework today.Let us play football in the park.妈妈,今天我们没有回家作业。让我们去公园踢足球吧。(孩子们请求妈妈允许他们去公园踢足球,妈妈不去。)

    — Let us prepare the birthday party for you,Mum.妈妈,让我们帮你准备生日派对吧。

    2.Let's和Let us的反义疑问句的构成:

    Let's go to the Shanghai History Museum together,shall we?让我们一起去上海历史博物馆,好吗?

    Let's go for a walk,shall we?让我们一起散步吧,好吗?

    Let us make a model plane,will you?让我们做一会儿模型飞机,好吗?

    Let us help you,will you?让我们来帮助你,好吗?

    (四)Always和Never 放在句首可以起到强调作用

    Always look left then right before you cross the street.过马路前永远先看左边再看右边。

    Never answer the phone while driving.绝不要在开车的时候接电话。(注:never=don't,但是never的语气比don't要强烈)

    Never talk to your mother like that.永远不要再像那样跟你妈妈说话。

    Exercises

    13.1 Complete the sentences (根据句子意思和提示,用Let's提出建议)

    have a rest go for a drink go and see it

    go inside do another exercise ask someone for help

    1.I'm thirsty.Let's ________.

    2.It's very hot.Let's ________.

    3.There's a good film on at the cinema.Let's ________.

    4.I need more practice.Let's ________.

    5.I'm tired.Let's ________.

    6.We're lost.Let's ________.

    13.2 Fill in the blanks (用括号内所给动词适当形式填空)

    1.Jack,____ (not be)late for school again.

    2.____ (not make)any noise!The baby is sleeping.

    3.No ____ (smoke)in the restaurant!

    4.Let's ____ (play)games together.

    5.Let me ____ (try)again.

    6.Your voice is too soft.____ (read)aloud,please.

    7.____ (be)quick!Or we'll be late for the train.

    8.____ (not let)the baby touch the paint.

    9.Please ____ (turn on)the television.

    10.____ (watch)out!The bus is coming.

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