一、句法作用

1.作主语

This book is very useful.这本书很有用。

Mary is to meet you at the airport.玛丽将在机场接你。

2.作表语

My brother is a worker.我弟弟是个工人。

She is a writer.她是个作家。

3.作宾语

He finished his task on time.他按时完成了任务。

She gave her child a first-rate education.她给了她孩子一流的教育。

4.作介词宾语

He majored in Astronomy at Cambridge.他在剑桥大学主修天文学。

She has made outstanding contributions to architecture.她对建筑学做出了突出的贡献。

5.作宾语补足语

He painted the table a brighter color.他把桌子漆成了更鲜艳的颜色。

We made Tom our monitor.我们选汤姆为我们的班长。

【提示】 表示唯一的职务头衔的名词作宾语补足语时，用零冠词。

We elected him monitor of our class.我们选他当我们的班长。

6.作定语

There are thirty women teachers in our school.我们学校有三十位女教师。

He got three gold medals at the 23rd Olympic Games.

他在第二十三届奥运会上取得了三块金牌。

7.作状语

The war lasted eight years.那场战争持续了八年。

Light travels 300，000 kilometers a second.光每秒钟传播30万千米。

Wait a moment.等一会儿。

8.作同位语

Mr Smith，our leader，is speaking now.我们的领导史密斯先生，正在讲话。

We students should study hard.我们学生应该努力学习。