[00:06.24]Do and Make
[00:08.91]A:Does your mother do most of the housework in your family
[00:14.08]B:Yes.Usually,my mother does the cooking
[00:17.74]She makes the three meals.
[00:19.80]A:How about the washing-up?
[00:22.18]B:I always have do the washing-up.
[00:25.26]A:And the beds?B:Each of us has to make his or her own bed.
[00:30.12]A:And the shopping?B:In most cases,my mother does the shopping.
[00:35.08]A:I don't think you ever go to the market to buy food for the family,do you
[00:41.25]B:I do go to the market on Sundays with my father or mother
[00:46.24]Listening comprehension
[00:56.82]Listen and fill in the blank.
[03:07.09]Text New Words and Expressions
[03:14.93]shade
[03:17.46]阴凉处
[03:20.00]drought
[03:23.02]旱灾
[03:26.03]eagerness
[03:29.09]渴望
[03:32.14]profit
[03:35.28]利润
[03:38.41]warship
[03:41.24]军舰
[03:44.06]empire
[03:47.09]帝国
[03:50.12]soil
[03:52.70]泥土
[03:55.29]starvation
[03:59.51]饥饿
[04:03.73]plentiful
[04:06.55]多的
[04:09.37]persuade
[04:12.45]劝服
[04:15.53]charcoal
[04:18.62]木炭
[04:21.70]lazy
[04:24.73]懒惰
[04:27.76]unless
[04:30.78]除非
[04:33.79]educate
[04:36.84]村民
[04:39.88]village
[04:43.30]村民
[04:46.72]grandson
[04:50.30]孙子,外孙
[04:53.88]root
[04:56.62]根,根茎
[04:59.37]bind
[05:02.25]使粘合
[05:05.14]worthless
[05:08.21]没用处的
[05:11.28]desert
[05:14.13]沙漠
[05:16.97]Trees are useful to man in three very important ways
[05:27.14]they provide him with wood and other products
[05:32.80]they give him shade
[05:35.97]and they help to prevent drought and floods
[05:40.25]Unfortunately,in many parts of the world,
[05:45.68]people have not realized
[05:48.35]that the third of these services is the most important.
[05:53.99]In their eagerness to draw quick profit from the trees
[05:59.24]they have cut them down in large numbers,
[06:03.18]only to find that without them they have lost the best friends they had.
[06:09.43]Two thousand years ago,a rich and powerful country
[06:16.01]cut down its trees to build warships,
[06:19.98]with which to gain itself an empire.
[06:23.77]It gained the empire but without its trees,
[06:29.10]its soil became hard and poor.When the empire fell to pieces,
[06:36.02]the home country found itself faced with floods and starvation.
[06:41.92]Even though a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply
[06:51.09]of trees,it is difficult for it to persuade the villagers to see this
[06:57.75]The villagers want wood to cook their food with;
[07:03.63]they can earn money by making charcoal or selling wood to the townsmen.
[07:10.61]They are usually too lazy or too careless to plant and look after new trees
[07:18.47]So,unless the government has a good system of control,
[07:24.92]or can educate the people the forests will slowly disappear.
[07:31.09]This does not only mean that the villagers' sons and grandsonshave fewer trees.
[07:40.13]The results are even more serious:
[07:44.41]for where there are trees their roots break the soil up
[07:48.95]allowing the rain tosink in — and also bind the soil,
[07:54.80]thus preventing its being washed away easily.
[07:58.77]But,where there are no trees,the rain falls on hard groundand
[08:05.61]and flows away from the surface,causing floods
[08:10.05]and carrying away with it the rich top-soil,
[08:13.92]in which crops grow so well.When all the top-soil is gone
[08:20.48]nothing remains but a worthless desert.
