1.介词不能在句中独立充当一个成分，而需和一个名词或与之相当的语法成分构成短语，在句中充当一个成分。和介词一道构成短语的那个部分，称为介词宾语(也有人称之为介词补足语)。能作介词宾语的有下面这些：
l)名词：
There is a coffee table before the sofa.
长沙发前有一张茶几。
Thanke for you help.
谢谢你的帮助。
2)代词：
How much luggage can I take with me?
我能带多少行李?
We did all this for nothing.
这些我们都白干了。
3)动名词：
She is fond of surfing.
她喜欢冲浪运动。
Thanks for calling.
谢谢你打电话来。
4)由连接代(副)词引起的从句或不定式短语：
I am thinking of how we can get there in time.
我在想我们如何能及时赶到那里。
He gave a lesson on how to improve soil.
他讲了一堂如何改良土壤的课。
2.在介词后可以跟下面几种宾语：
1)另一个介词短语：
A taxi came along from behind me.
从我后面开来一辆出租车。
She won't go home until after the exam.
她要到考试后才回家。
2)that引起的从句：
He is a good student except that he is occasionally careless.
他是一个好学生，只是偶尔有些粗心。
Men differs from brutes in that they can think and speak.
人不同于兽类的地方是他们能思维、能讲话。
3)形容词或副词：
His pronunciation is far from perfect.
他的语音远不是完美无疵的。
I heard someone calling me from below.
我听见下面有人叫我。
4)复合结构：
I have no objection to Mr. Fu joining our group.
我对付老师参加我们组没有意见。
They took a picture of us boating on the lake.
他们照了一张我们在湖上划船的照片。
