1 .现在分词(短语)作状语可以表示：
l )行为方式或伴随发生的情况：
They had to work standing. 他们得站着干活。
2 )时间：
Learning of the uprising, he returned to his country.
听到起义的消息他回到国内。
Taking a deep breath, he dived into the water.
他深深吸了一口气跳进水里。
3 )原因：
Not knowing your address, I couldn't get in touch with you.
由于不知道你的地址，我无法和你联系。
Hving lost her job, she had to look for another one.
由十失了业，私不得不另找工作。
2 .过去分词(短语)也可用作状语，表示：
l )动作发生时的背景或情况：
Inspired by his example, hundreds of others volunteered to join us.
在他的带动下，成百上千的人都志愿参加了我们的工作。
Encouraged by Master Meng, I checked on the machine's operation record .
在孟师傅的鼓励下，我查看了一下机器的操作记录。
2 )原因：
Delighted, the girls thought up many good ideas.
一高兴姑娘们想出许多的好主意。
Moved by what he had said, I was at loss what to say ?
听了他的话我很感动，不知说什么好。
3 )时间等：
Driven beyond endurance, Tom ran away from the plantation.
汤姆忍无可忍逃离了种植园。
Taken out of context, the sentence is ambiguous,
脱离了上下文这个句子的意思变得模糊不清了。
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练习题及答案：
练习一：将下面的英语句子翻译成中文
1. Openning the drawer he took out a revolver.
1 .驶打开抽屉，取出一支手枪。
2. Taking off his clothes, he jumped into the water.
2 .他脱掉衣裳跳进水里。
3. She went out, slamming the door.
3 .他靓了出去，砰地把门关上。
4. He fired, wounding the bank robber.
4 .他开枪打伤了抢银行的人.
5. I fell, striking my head against the door and cutting it.
5 .我摔倒了，头碰在门上碰破了。
练习二：在下面句子中的过去分词或过去分词短语下划线:
1. Driven beyond the limits of their forbearance, they fought back.
1 . Driven beyond the limits …
2. He arrived at shelley Hot springs, tired and dusty that night.
2. tired
3. Taken in time, the medicine will be quite effective.
3 . Taken in time
4. Looked at politically, it is an important problem.
4. Looked at politically
