每到年底，各大主流英语词典都会评选出各自的年度词汇（word of the year）。在今年新冠肺炎疫情（COVID-19 pandemic）的大背景下，韦氏、剑桥、柯林斯等词典选出的年度词汇均与疫情相关，分别是pandemic（大流行病）、quarantine（隔离）以及lockdown（封锁）。一起跟着视频来回顾一下吧。

 

韦氏词典（Merriam-Webster）和词典网（Dictionary.com）年度词汇：

pandemic（大流行病）

在多个国家和多个洲暴发、感染人数众多的大流行病

an outbreak of a disease that occurs over a wide geographic area (such as multiple countries or continents) and typically affects a significant proportion of the population

 

柯林斯词典（Collins Dictionary）选出的年度词汇：

lockdown（封锁）

对旅行、社交互动和公共空间出入实施严格限制

the imposition of stringent restrictions on travel, social interaction, and access to public spaces

 

剑桥词典（Cambridge Dictionary）选出的年度词汇：

quarantine（隔离）

为了防止感染和传播疾病，在一段时间内禁止人们离家或自由旅行

a general period of time in which people are not allowed to leave their homes or travel freely, so that they do not catch or spread a disease

 

其他2020年度热词：

furlough 强制休假

因为企业不景气，员工被暂时解雇

a temporary laying-off of employees, usually because there is insufficient work to occupy them

 

social distancing 社交隔离

为防止感染疾病而在自己和他人之间保持一定距离的做法

the practice of maintaining a certain distance between oneself and other people in order to prevent infection with a disease

 

key worker 关键岗位员工

对社会运行至关重要的若干职业的员工，比如教师、警察、医护人员、商店店员等

an employee in any of a number of professions considered to be essential to the functioning of society, for example teachers, police officers, health workers, shop workers, etc.

 

BLM（for Black Lives Matter）黑人的命也是命

反对种族暴力和压迫的运动

a movement that campaigns against racially motivated violence and oppression

 

TikToker 抖友

经常分享或出现在抖音视频中的人

a person who regularly shares or appears in videos on TikTok

 

（中国日报网 朱月红 陈丹妮）