男人和女人对疼痛的感觉有何不同

Think your husband is a wimp when it comes to pain? It turns out that men feel pain more intensely than women if the pain is caused by a similar method experienced before.

当谈到疼痛时，你认为你的丈夫是一个懦弱的人吗?结果表明，如果疼痛是由之前经历过的类似方法引起的，男性会比女性更强烈地感受到疼痛。

Give your significant other a break the next time he complains about pain. (Photo: Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock)

A team of researchers from Canada discovered that men are more sensitive and stressed if they know they are about to undergo a painful experience that's happened to them before. For the study, 41 men and 38 women were placed in a room where they were exposed to low levels of pain from heat on their forearm. After the initial low-level pain test, the subjects were exposed to higher levels of pain. They also wore a tightly-bound blood pressure cuff and asked to perform arm exercises for 20 minutes.

来自加拿大的一组研究人员发现，如果男性知道自己即将经历一段以前经历过的痛苦经历，他们会变得更加敏感和紧张。在这项研究中，41名男性和38名女性被安排在一个房间里，他们的前臂受到轻微的热疼痛。在最初的低水平疼痛测试之后，受试者暴露在更高水平的疼痛中。他们还戴着绑得很紧的血压袖带，并被要求进行20分钟的手臂锻炼。

To determine if memory plays a role in pain tolerance, the same participants were asked to return the next day to the same room. They underwent the same tests, and men reported higher levels of pain than they did the previous day compared to women who did not.

为了确定记忆是否对疼痛耐受性有影响，同样的参与者被要求第二天回到同一个房间。他们接受了同样的测试，与没有接受测试的女性相比，男性报告的疼痛程度要高于前一天。

"This is an important finding because increasing evidence suggests that chronic pain is a problem to the extent that you remember it," explained Loren Martin, co-author of the study and an assistant professor of psychology at the University of Toronto Mississauga. "If remembered pain is a driving force for chronic pain and we understand how pain is remembered, we may be able help some sufferers by treating the mechanisms behind the memories directly."

“这是一个重要的发现，因为越来越多的证据表明，慢性疼痛在你记忆的范围内是一个问题，”该研究的合著者、多伦多大学米西索加分校(University of Toronto Mississauga)心理学助理教授罗兰·马丁(Loren Martin)解释说。“如果记忆中的疼痛是慢性疼痛的驱动力，并且我们理解疼痛是如何被记住的，那么我们或许可以通过直接治疗记忆背后的机制来帮助一些患者。”

However, there are some instances when women are more sensitive to pain than men. And women are more likely to seek treatment for pain than men are, reports NPR.

然而，在某些情况下，女性对疼痛比男性更敏感。据NPR报道，女性比男性更有可能寻求疼痛治疗。

Major operation vs. minor surgery pain

大手术vs小手术疼痛

An Austrian study found that men experience more pain after major surgery, while women feel more pain following minor procedures.

奥地利的一项研究发现，男性在大手术后会感到更多的疼痛，而女性在小手术后会感到更多的疼痛。

For the four-year study, researchers interviewed 10,000 men and women within 24 hours after surgery. Of the patients surveyed, 42% were men and 58% were women. The participants answered questions about their operation, the anesthesia they received and their level of pain.

在这项为期四年的研究中，研究人员在术后24小时内采访了1万名男性和女性。在接受调查的患者中，42%为男性，58%为女性。参与者回答了关于手术、麻醉和疼痛程度的问题。

Researchers found that men were 27% more likely to have more moderate pain after major vascular and orthopedic surgery, while women were 34% more likely to report higher levels of pain after minor procedures, such as biopsies.

研究人员发现，27%的男性在接受大型血管和骨科手术后更容易感到中度疼痛，而34%的女性在接受活检等小型手术后更容易感到剧烈疼痛。

"The gender differences on pain perception are still heavily disputed, both in experimental and clinical fields. Our data do not definitely clarify this issue; however, based on our findings it can be presumed that the type (and severity) of surgery may play a pivotal role," wrote the study's authors.

“无论是在实验领域还是临床领域，对疼痛感知的性别差异仍存在很大争议。我们的数据并没有明确阐明这个问题;然而，根据我们的研究结果，可以推测手术的类型(和严重程度)可能起着关键作用。

Similarly, an earlier study found that women suffer more painful health conditions than men do. And they end up experiencing pain more intensely than their masculine counterparts.

同样，早期的一项研究发现，女性比男性遭受更多痛苦的健康状况。结果他们比男性更强烈地感受到疼痛。