研究发现，健康的人不应该每天服用阿司匹林来预防心脏病

Still taking a daily aspirin to ward off heart attacks? You might want to think again, according to a new review.

还是每天服用阿司匹林来预防心脏病?根据一项新的综述，你可能需要重新考虑一下。

Aspirin is still one of the most commonly used medications in the world, even though it's no longer recommended as a preventative by many health authorities.

阿司匹林仍然是世界上最常用的药物之一，尽管许多卫生当局不再推荐它作为一种预防药物。

There is no evidence that low-dose aspirin — less than 325 milligrams a day — should be taken by most adults in good cardiovascular health, according to a new review of existing research that published Wednesday in the British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.

周三发表在《英国临床药理学杂志》上的一篇对现有研究的新综述称，没有证据表明心血管健康的大多数成年人应该服用小剂量阿司匹林(每天少于325毫克)。

The review, which focused on the risks and benefits of low-dose daily aspirin, found that the risk of a major bleeding event as a result of the drug's blood-thinning effects outweighs the benefit.

这篇综述关注的是每日服用低剂量的阿司匹林的风险和益处，发现由于该药物的对血液的稀释作用而导致大出血事件的风险大于益处。

US guidance on a daily dose of aspirin changed last year, with the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association recommending daily aspirin only for patients who have had a heart attack, stroke or open heart surgery. Advice in the United Kingdom is similar.

去年，美国关于每日服用阿司匹林剂量的指导意见发生了变化，美国心脏病学会和美国心脏协会建议，只有心脏病发作、中风或接受过心脏手术的患者才能每日服用阿司匹林。英国的建议与此类似。

This latest analysis, which looked at 67 studies, found that use of low-dose aspirin in people without cardiovascular disease was associated with a 17% lower incidence of cardiovascular events such as heart attack or stroke.

这项最新研究分析了67项研究，发现无心血管疾病的人服用低剂量阿司匹林可使心脏病或中风等心血管疾病的发病率降低17%。

However, it was also associated with a 47% higher risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and a 34% higher risk of bleeding in the skull.

然而，它也与胃肠道出血的风险增加47%和颅内出血的风险增加34%有关。

"Our paper confirms that there is no evidence for taking aspirin in primary prevention, i.e. in healthy people," study authors Dr. Lee Smith, a reader in Physical Activity and Public Health at Anglia Ruskin University in the UK and Dr. Nicola Veronese, a geriatrician at University of Palermo in Italy, said in an email.

“我们的论文证实，没有证据表明阿司匹林用于初级预防，即健康人群，”研究作者、英国安格利亚罗斯金大学体育活动与公共卫生专业的读者李·史密斯博士和意大利巴勒莫大学老年病学家尼古拉·韦罗内塞博士在一封电子邮件中说。

"The take home message of our paper is that low dose aspirin is (only) good when you already have a cardiovascular condition."

“我们论文的核心信息是，只有当你已经患有心血管疾病时，低剂量的阿司匹林才有效。”

The authors also looked at research that supported the use of aspirin in preventing cancer but said that their review discouraged the use of low-dose aspirin in this scenario.

作者还研究了支持使用阿司匹林预防癌症的研究，但表示他们的综述不鼓励在这种情况下使用低剂量的阿司匹林。

Millions of Americans who've never had cardiovascular disease could still be taking a daily aspirin to prevent heart disease without a physician's recommendation, despite the updated guidance that said it may be unnecessary and possibly risky, the study noted.

研究指出，数百万从未患过心血管疾病的美国人仍可以在没有医生建议的情况下每天服用阿司匹林来预防心脏病，尽管最新的指导意见称，服用阿司匹林可能是不必要的，而且可能有风险。

Given the range of different interventions now available to prevent cardiovascular disease such as statins, blood pressure medication and help quitting smoking and losing weight, the findings of the research called in question the use of aspirin as a preventative.

考虑到目前预防心血管疾病的各种干预措施，如他汀类药物、降压药以及帮助戒烟和减肥，该研究的结果对将阿司匹林用作预防药物提出了质疑。