323　had better，would like，should like和would rather

① had better可缩写成'd better，意为“最好”，应看作情态动词，通用于所有人称，had不可改为have或has。had better后跟动词原形，不可跟不定式。had better的否定式为had better not，不是had not better。

You had better hurry up if you want to catch the first bus. 如果你想赶上头班公共汽车，你最好快点。

You'd better leave him alone now. 你最好先别理他。

You'd better not wake him up. 你最好不要弄醒他。

You have better start right now.

You had better start right now.

你最好马上动身。

You had better don't go there.

You hadn't better go there.

You had better not go there.

你最好不要去那里。

② had better + 动词原形表示现在最好干什么或将来最好干什么，时间概念是现在或将来；如果表示过去最好干什么，或过去最好不干什么，要用had better +动词的完成式。

你最好已经读过了那本书。

You had better read the book.

You had better have read the book.

你最好没有把这件事和别人说过。

You had better not tell it to anybody else.

You had better didn't tell it to anybody else.

You had better not have told it to anybody else.

③ would like可缩写成'd like。would like用于礼貌地向对方提出请求或邀请，也表示说话者本人喜不喜欢做某事，后跟不定式或名词。

Would you like some coffee？喝点咖啡好吗？

Would you like to have another try？你想再试一下吗？

I'd like some tea. 我想要茶。

I'd like to talk with you. 我想同你谈一谈。

提示

would like用于疑问句表示请求或邀请时，肯定回答通常用“Yes，I'd love to.”，否定回答用“I'd love to，but…”。

④ should like的缩写形式为'd like，通常只用于陈述句，不用于疑问句，表示说话者本人愿意做什么或想做什么，后跟不定式，也可表示想要什么，后跟名词。

I'd like to buy a new pen. 我想买一支新钢笔。

I'd like a cup of tea. 我想要杯茶。

提示

would like和should like后都不能跟动名词形式。比较：

Would you like me showing you the way？

Would you like me to show you the way？

你要我给你指路吗？

I'd like seeing your piano.

I'd like to see your piano.

我想看看你的钢琴。

⑤ would rather缩写为'd rather，意为“宁可，宁愿”，表示比较喜欢做什么，相当于prefer…to，具有选择的含义，后跟不带to的不定式。结构为：

would rather do sth. （不带to）

would rather do sth. than do sth.

would rather+从句（为虚拟语气，谓语动词要用过去式）

I would rather drink tea. 我宁愿喝茶。

I would rather go home than stay here. 我宁愿回家去而不愿待在这里。

I'd rather you went home now. 我希望你现在回家去。

Tomorrow is Sunday. I'd rather you came next Friday. 明天是星期天，我希望你下星期五来。

A：Shall I open the window？我打开窗子好吗？

B：I'd rather you didn't. 我希望你不要。