651 take sb. by+the+部位和pat sb. on+the+部位
◎ 本结构表示“抓住/拍/打/摸/吻某人的……部位”。这种结构是先说出整个对象,再说出其局部,也就是大处着眼,小处着手。
He took his brother from the hand.
He took his brother by the hand.
他抓住他弟弟的手。
提示
①一些表示“抓,握”的词,如take,catch,seize,snatch,grasp,hold,pull等,须先接某人,次接by,然后再接“the+某个部位”。
He pulled his mother by the sleeve. 他拉住母亲的袖子。
She caught him by the right hand. 她抓住他的右手。
Don't let anyone lead you by the nose. 不要让别人牵着你的鼻子走。
②一些表示“打,拍,击”等的词,如:hit(打),pat(轻拍),strike(打击)等,不接by,而接on。
He hit Jim on the head. 他打吉姆的头。
She patted the boy affectionately on the head. 她慈爱地抚摸那男孩的头。
The little girl kissed her mother on the cheek and went to bed. 小女孩吻了妈妈的脸,然后去睡觉了。
③表示“打人耳光”的slap,用in,on和across均可。用in表示力度比较大,on较弱,across则表示“扇了一记耳光”。
He slapped her in the face. 他给她一记耳光。
④表示“拍某人的肩”要用on。
She slapped the young man on the shoulder and said,“I congratulate you on your success”. 她拍了拍那年轻人的肩说,“我祝贺你的成功。”