420 just,justly,just now,presently和at present
① just可以表示两种含义。
(1)“刚才,刚刚”,在英式英语中常同完成时连用,在美式英语中则常同过去时连用。
The train has just arrived. 火车刚刚到站。
He had just gone to bed when the telephone rang. 电话铃响时,他刚睡下。
I just had a phone call from Mr. Brown. 我刚刚接到布朗先生的电话。
(2)“正好,恰好”,相当于exactly,可修饰多种句子成分,如形容词、副词、从句等,放在被修饰的成分前。
The money is just enough. 钱刚好够。
That is just what he said. 那正是他说的话。
He is just in need of help. 他正需要帮助。
② justly意为“公平地,公正地;合法地,应得地;有正当理由地”。
He was justly punished for his crimes. 他犯了罪,受到了应有的惩罚。
We're justly proud of it. 我们有正当理由为之骄傲。
③ just now意为“刚才”,用于一般过去时,相当于a little while ago。 just now也可表示“此刻,就在现在”,相当于at the moment,在这种意义上可用于一般现在时或现在进行时,可以看作是just修饰now,表示强调。
I saw her just now. 我刚才看见她了。
He is busy just now. 他此刻正忙着。
We are having a meeting just now. 我们正在开会呢。
提示
just now 还可以表示“马上”,用于将来时。
He won't come to see you just now. 他不会马上来看你。
④ presently表示“立刻,马上”,相当于soon,同一般将来时连用。
The guest will arrive presently. 客人马上就会到。
在美式英语中,presently表示“目前”,相当于now,与一般现在时或现在进行时连用。
His uncle is presently in London. 他叔叔眼下在伦敦。
He is presently writing a book. 他现在正在写一本书。
⑤ at present表示“目前”,相当于currently或presently,与一般现在时或现在进行时连用。
He is at present in Shanghai. 他目前在上海。
Nothing is wanted at present. 现在什么都不缺。