748　不定式的主谓关系和动宾关系

① 不定式作定语时，与其所修饰的词有逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系。

He had no one to look after him. 他没有得到任何人的照顾。（主谓关系：No one looked after him.）

He had no one to look after. 没有人需要他照顾。（动宾关系：He looked after no one.）

② 不定式与其所修饰的词具有动宾关系时，不定式必须是及物动词，而且后面不可再有宾语；如果不定式为不及物动词，后面要加适当的介词，同被修饰的词构成介宾关系。

他想租一间房子住。

He wants to rent a room to live.

（不可说live a room）

He wants to rent a room to live in.

（live in a room）

她找到了一张凳子坐。

She found a bench to sit.

（不可说sit a bench）

She found a bench to sit on.

（sit on a bench）

秋天是旅游的最好季节。

Autumn is the best season to travel.

Autumn is the best season to travel in.

（travel in autumn）

He has no paper to write on. 他没有写字的纸。（“在纸上写字”要说成write on paper，不能说write paper，但可以说write a letter）

He has no pen to write with. 他没有写东西的钢笔。（“用钢笔写”应是write with pen，不能说write pen）

She had no pen to write the letter with. 她没有钢笔写信。

提示

①如果不定式所修饰的词是way或place，介词可省略。

He has no way to go（by）. 他无路可走。

This is the best place to work（at）. 这是最好的工作地方。

②上述结构也可以改为“介词+关系代词+动词”。

He wants to hire a house in which to live.

She has no pen with which to write the letter.