vii. 方式状语从句和目的状语从句

1. as if = as though意为 “好像，仿佛”，两者用法相同，从句既可以用陈述语气也可以用虚拟语气。

It looks as if/as though it is going to rain.

天看上去要下雨。

He treats me as if I were a child .

她就像对待小孩子一样对待我。

2. as意为“像……,犹如……,正如……，按照……”。

Please do it as I told you.

请按照我说的去做。

When in Rome do as the Romans do.

入乡随俗。

Just as water is the most important to fish, so is air to man.

正如水对鱼来说是最重要的一样，空气对我们来说也是如此。

3. the way意为“……的方式/样子”，相当于the way （that/in which)，引导定语从句。

I don't like the way you treat me.

我不喜欢你对待我的那种方式。

He doesn't like the way I speak to him.

他不喜欢我对他说话的方式。

4. 目的状语从句的谓语动词通常含有may, might, can, could等情态动词；从句若为否定句，谓语多用should结构。

Study hard (so) that you can pass the entrance examination next year.

努力学习明年你就能考上大学。

Start early tomorrow in order that you should not arrive at the station late.

明天早点儿动身以便到火车站不会迟到。

5. lest, in case,和for fear (that)意为“以防”，引导目的状语从句，从句中通常用虚拟语气。

Take an umbrella with you in case it rains/should rain.

随身带把雨伞吧，以免天下雨。

She emphasized it again and again lest/for fear that he (should) forget .

她再三强调以免他忘记。

6. so that引导的从句通常位于主句之后；而in order that引导的从句可以位于主句的前后。

In order that everyone should hear him clearly, he spoke aloud.

为了大家都能听清楚，他提高了嗓门。

7. so that既可以引导目的状语从句，也可以引导结果状语从句。当从句谓语中含有情态动词时，该从句是目的状语从句，若从句谓语不用情态动词，而多用动词过去时，该从句是结果状语从句。

They study hard so that they can pass the college entrance examination this year.

他们努力学习以便能够今年通过大学入学考试。

They studied hard so that they passed the college entrance examination last year.

他们学习很努力，结果去年考上了大学。

8. that, so都可以引导目的状语从句。

Take this medicine (so) that you can recover soon.

吃了这药，以便康复得更快。

Speak louder so (that) the people in the hall can all hear you.

大声讲，让大厅里的人都能听清楚。

专项练习

1. He spoke in a careless way _______ he cared nothing about it.

A. as if

B. though

C. even if

D. even though

2. When a gun was pointing against your head, you should do _______.

A. like you were told to

B. as to what told to

C. like what you were told to

D. as you were told to

3. Helen listened carefully _______ she might discover exactly what John wanted.

A. so as that

B. in case

C. providing

D. in order that

4. Just tell me what subject you'd like me to talk on _______ I could get some notes ready.

A. so that

B. in order

C. so

D. just as

5. John may phone again tonight. I don't want to go out _______ he phones.

A. as long as

B. in order that

C. in case

D. so that

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