iv. 分词作宾语补语

1. 分词一般只在两类动词后作宾语补语。

1）感觉、感官动词后的分词宾补。常见感官动词有see, observe, notice, watch, hear, smell, listen to, look at, feel, find等。

I can smelt something burning.

我闻到什么东西烧着了。

He was

seen sleeping in the next room.

有人看见他在隔壁睡觉。

2）使役、致使动词后的分词宾补。常见的使役、致使动词有catch, set, have, make, get, start, leave, keep等。

The joke set them all laughing .

这个笑话使他们都笑了。

I won't have you doing that again.

我不能听任你再做那样的事情。

The teacher often caught him dozing off in class.

老师经常捉住他课堂上打瞌睡。

He managed to get it done on time.

他设法准时干完了此事。

2. “感觉、感官动词+宾语+现在分词宾语”表示主动意义及正在进行时态。

I found him smoking with some boys inside the toilet.

我发现他和几个男孩子正在厕所里抽烟。

3. “使役、致使动词+宾语+过去分词宾补”表示被动意义及已经完成时态。

She still could not make herself understood in English.

她仍不能用英语使别人明白自己的意思。

4. 分词作宾语补语的几种特殊情况

1）make后宾语接分词作补语时只能用过去分词，不能用现在分词。

He couldn't make himself believed.

他不能使自己被别人相信。

The writer made himself known by his novel.

这位作家通过其小说使自己出了名。

Be sure to make yourself understand the basic rules of the sport if you want to be a real football fan.

如果你想成为真正的足球迷，你就一定要使自己明白该运动的基本规则。

2）set后的宾补通常是现在分词，不用过去分词。

He set the clock going.

他使钟表转了起来。

Her words set me thinking .

她的话语使我陷入了深思。

His action set her wondering.

他的行动使她纳闷。

专项练习

1. The responsible teacher couldn't keep his eyes _______ to all those careless mistakes.

A. shut

B. to shut

C. shutting

D. on shutting

2. Why do you stand and watch the water _______ over there?

A. boiling

B. boiled

C. from boiling

D. being boiled

3. I held the little rabbit in my hand and felt its heart _______.

A. beated

B. beating

C. beat

D. beaten

4. Walking along the river, we heard someone _______ for help.

A. shouting

B. shout

C. shouted

D. being shouting

5. Why do you have the water _______ all the time?

A. run

B. to be running

C. running

D. being running

6. —Do you smell anything unusual？

—Yes. I can smell something _______.

A. burning

B. is burning

C. having burnt

D. burn

7. —Is there anything that you want to buy from town?

—No, but I'm going to get _______.

A. those letters mailed

B. those letters mailing

C. to mail those letters

D. mailing those letters

8. When little Tom hurried to the classroom, he found many village people _______ at the back of the room.

A. seat

B. seating

C. to seat

D. seated

9. The hall was so noisy that the speaker couldn't make himself _______.

A. being heard

B. heard

C. hearing

D. hear

10. Returning home, he found the back door open and something _______.

A. to steal

B. to be stolen

C. stealing

D. stolen

答案速查　1-5　AABAC　6—10　AADBD