v. 不定式、分词作宾补：其逻辑主语是主句的宾语

1. 现在分词作补语表示动作还处于进行状态或未完成。

She could feel the rain beating against her face.

她能感觉到雨打在脸上。

I saw her coming downstairs.

我看到她下楼了。

The classroom was seen being cleaned at that time.

当时有人看见正在打扫教室。

2. 不定式作补语强调动作要发生或动作已经发生，即动作的全过程或经常发生。

I saw her come downstairs.

我看见她下了楼。

I heard her sing in the next room.

我听见她在隔壁唱歌了。

He is often seen to walk by the lake.

经常看见他在湖边散步。

3. 当补语与宾语成被动关系，而且强调动作的结果，则用过去分词。

I found the window broken .

我发现窗户破了。

You can hear the song sung everywhere.

你能听见到处都在唱这首歌。

4. 如果强调的是正在进行的被动动作，用现在分词的被动式，这时谓语多是感官动词和使役动词。

I heard the song being sung in the next room now.

我听到现在隔壁在唱这首歌。

I saw the boy being beaten there.

我看到那个男孩儿在那边挨打。

5. 如果只强调将来的动作本身是被动的时候，用不定式被动式。

Would you like the window to be closed now?

你现在想要窗户关上吗？

The king ordered the palace to be built at once.

国王命令宫殿马上建起来。

专项练习

1. Soon they saw the boy _______ in the crowd.

A. disappear

B. to disappear

C. disappears

D. disappeared

2. Did you notice the little boy _______ away?

A. took the candy and run

B. take the candy and run

C. taking the candy and run

D. who taking the candy running

3. I heard him _______ so.

A. says

B. saying

C. say

D. said

4. Shall we go and listen to the reviewers _______ on the new film?

A. to comment

B. comment

C. to commenting

D. being comment

5. Professor Black had us _______ compositions every Friday.

A. to write

B. written

C. write

D. writing

6. Mrs. Smith made her pupils _______ the text three times a week.

A. recite

B. recited

C. reciting

D. to recite

7. Will you _______ me _______ out this problem myself?

A. permit; working

B. let; work

C. allowed; to work

D. forbid; to work

8. She was seen _______ model ships in the room.

A. made

B. to make

C. makes

D. make

9. Birds are seldom heard _______ at night.

A. sing

B. singing

C. to sing

D. to be singing

10. The aeroplane was noticed _______ at six.

A. take off

B. to take off

C. get off

D. to get off

11. Mr. Crossett was made _______ his teaching because of his poor health and old age.

A. give up

B. give in

C. to give up

D. to give in

12. The book is said _______ into many foreign languages.

A. to have been translated

B. to have translated

C. to be translating

D. having been translated

13. The Marquis was thought _______ some terrible wrongs to his tenants.

A. of doing

B. that he had done

C. to have done

D. to have been done

14. The teacher asked him _______.

A. to repeat the sentence again

B. repeat the sentence

C. he would repeat the sentence once more

D. to repeat the sentence

15. The doctor advised Lao Li _______ more rest.

A. that he get

B. to get

C. would get

D. get

16. Joe wishes us _______ with him.

A. to go along

B. going along

C. went along

D. will go along

17. I don't want _______.

A. that anybody saw me

B. anybody to see me

C. that somebody sees me

D. nobody will see me

18. Do you think it difficult _______ a horse _______?

A. to train; jumping

B. training; for jumping

C. to train; jump

D. to train; to jump

19. My car has broken down. Would you help me _______?

A. to get the car to start

B. get the car start

C. to get the car started

D. get to start the car

20. “Will you join us?” I invited _______ with us?

A. her spending weekend

B. her to spending weekend

C. her to spend weekend

D. she spent weekend

21. It is Master Wu who taught us _______ the machine.

A. what to do with

B. ran

C. how to run

D. how could run

22. He ordered the room _______.

A. to sweep

B. to be swept

C. should sweep

D. swept

23. Tell Tom and Jack _______ each other.

A. not quarrel

B. not to quarrel with

C. to not quarrel with

D. they not quarrel

24. He would like them _______ every day.

A. to practise

B. to practise

C. practising

D. practising

25. —Are you going to leave now?

—Unless you would prefer me _______ here.

A. to stay

B. will stay

C. that I'll stay

D. staying

26. She was glad to see her child well _______.

A. take care of

B. taken care of

C. taken care

D. taking care of

27. Why do you stand and watch the milk _______.

A. boiling

B. boiled

C. from boiling

D. having been boiled

28. I've heard him _______ about you often.

A. spoke

B. speaking

C. speak

D. to speak

29. Before he came to London, he had never heard a single English word _______.

A. speaking

B. spoken

C. speak

D. being spoken

30. Walking along the river, we heard someone _______ for help.

A. shouting

B. shout

C. shouted

D. having shouted

31. I held the little bird in my hand and felt its heart _______.

A. jumping

B. beating

C. bumping

D. knocking

32. —Do you smell anything unusual?

—Yes. I can smell something _______.

A. burning

B. is burning

C. having burnt

D. burn

33. Why do you have the water _______ all the time?

A. ran

B. to be running

C. running

D. being running

34. Ellen was absent this morning because she had her tooth _______.

A. filling

B. having been filled

C. filled

D. full

35. I can't _______ you running up and down all day long.

A. permit

B. let

C. have

D. allow

36. —Is there anything you want from town?

—I'm going to get _______.

A. those letters mailed

B. mailed letters

C. to mailed those letters

D. those letters mail

37. The teacher got the students _______ all the words they didn't know.

A. looked up

B. looking in

C. to look up

D. look at

38. What did the school master want _______ to the noisy children?

A. doing

B. to do

C. done

D. did

39. They wanted the work _______ with great care.

A. to have done

B. to be done

C. doing

D. to do

40. I need this chapter _______ before tomorrow.

A. rewriting

B. rewritten

C. rewrite

D. to write again

41. Having read the Emperor's New Clothes, we all found it _______.

A. interest

B. interested

C. interesting

D. to interest

42. When she returned home, she found the window open and something _______.

A. to steal

B. losing

C. missed

D. stolen

43. My hometown is found _______.

A. complete changing

B. having completely changed

C. completely change

D. completely changed

44. We found many people _______ in the meeting room.

A. seat

B. seating

C. to seat

D. seated

45. There was so much noise that the speaker could not make himself _______.

A. being heard

B. heard

C. hearing

D. hear

46. Because of my poor English I'm afraid I can't make myself _______.

A. understand

B. be understood

C. understood

D. understanding

47. Don't let him _______ you _______ for a long time.

A. to make; wait

B. make; to wait

C. make; wait

D. to make; to wait

48. He kept me _______ for many hours.

A. to wait

B. having been waited

C. waiting

D. waited

49. Mother caught the boy _______ in the corner.

A. smoke

B. to smoke

C. smoking

D. being smoked

50. John left his coat _______ on the sofa.

A. laying

B. lying

C. laid

D. lain

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