考点6 定语从句的转换

定语从句可以转换为形容词（短语）、非谓语动词（短语）、介词短语等形式。

（1）非限制性定语从句转化为两个简单句、并列句、独立主格或同位语形式。

I found many flowers in the garden, most of which were red.→

① I found many flowers in the garden; most of them were red.（两个简单句）

② I found many flowers in the garden. Most of them were red.（两个简单句）

③ I found many flowers in the garden, and most of them were red.（并列句）

④ I found many flowers in the garden and most of them were red.（并列句）

⑤ I found many flowers in the garden, most of them red.（独立主格）

我在花园里看到了很多花儿，大部分都是红色的。

We finally reached London, which was the end of our journey.→

We finally reached London, the end of our journey.（同位语）

我们抵达了伦敦——我们行程的终点。

（2）限制性定语从句可以转化成含有形容词、非谓语动词或介词的短语。

1）在定语从句中，如果谓语动词是主动语态，就用现在分词短语替换；如果是被动语态，可用过去分词替换；如果是单个动词要放在中心词之前，动词短语要后置。

① The girl who is crying is my sister.→

The crying girl is my sister. 正在哭泣的女孩是我的妹妹。

② The girl who is crying behind the tree is my sister.→

The girl crying behind the tree is my sister. 在树后哭泣的女孩是我的妹妹。

③ This is a story which was written by Charles Dickens.→

This is a story written by Charles Dickens. 这是由查尔斯·狄更斯创作的一个故事。

④ The man who owns that car will be fined for illegal parking.→

The man owning that car will be fined for illegal parking.

那辆车的车主将会因为违章停车而被罚款。

2）在定语从句中，如果含有情态动词或先行词前有序数词first, last, next等，可以将其转化为含有不定式作定语的简单句。

① You need someone who can look after you.→

You need someone to look after you. 你需要有人来照顾。

② Mary was the first student who arrived at the square.→

Mary was the first student to arrive at the square. 玛丽是最先到达广场的学生。

3）在定语从句中，如果谓语动词含有be的形式，表语是介词短语、形容词（短语），在不影响理解的前提下，可以转化成上述短语作定语的简单句。

① The girl who is behind the tree is my sister.→

The girl behind the tree is my sister. 树后面的那个女孩是我的妹妹。

② Soldiers must be people who are not afraid of death.→

Soldiers must be people not afraid of death. 军人必须是不畏牺牲的人。