阅读判断分析 如何确定关键词？

解题思路

词语定位

在文章中找到与问题句中的特征词（专有名词，数词）和描述细节信息的词语与结构（如：时间状语、地点状语、条件状语、原因状语，表示人及事物名称的词语）相呼应的语句（答案相关句），对比答案相关句与题干的结构和句意，判断答案。

结构定位

反映细节信息的状语结构常常是对题干做出正确判断的关键点。

句子定位

有时题干中的信息无法在原文中找到相对应的原词，这是由于命题人常常不是采用文章中的原话，而是使用同义的词语来进行提问。

真题回放

Mother Nature Shows Her Strength

Tornadoes and heavy thunderstorms moved across the Great Lakes and into Trumbull County on Saturday evening. The storms were dramatic and dangerous.

George Snyder was driving the fire truck down Route 88 when he first noticed that a funnel cloud was behind him. "I stopped the truck and watched the funnel cloud. It was about 100 feet off the ground and I saw it go up and down for a while. It was moving toward Bradley Road and then suddenly it disappeared." Snyder said.

Snyder only saw one of the funnel clouds that passed through northeastern Ohio on Saturday. In Trumbull County, a tornado turned trees onto their sides. Some trees fell onto houses and cars. Other trees fell into telephone and electrical wires as they went down.

Amanda Symcheck was having a party when the storm began. "Knew something was wrong," she said. "I saw the sky go green and pink. Then it sounded like a train rushing toward the house. I started crying and told everyone to go to the basement for protection."

The tornado caused a lot of damage to cars and houses in the area. It will take a long time and much money to repair everything. There was also serious water damage from the thunderstorms. The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes.

The storms caused serious flooding in areas near the river. More than four inches of rain fell in parts of Trumbull County. The river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble.

Many people who live near the river had to leave their homes for their own safety. Some people reported five feet of water in their homes. Local and state officials opened emergency shelters for the people who were evacuated. The Red Cross served meals to them.

This was a really intense storm. said Snyder. "People were afraid. Mother Nature call be fierce. We were lucky this time. No one was killed." (2004年)

16. The weather was nice in Trumbull County on Saturday evening.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

17. George Snyder was a firefighter.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

18. Amanda Symcheck was having a party in the basement when the storm began.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

19. Power supply system was not damaged during the storm.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

20. There had not been such a severe storm in Trumbull County for a hundred years.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

21. Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

22. Several people were missing during the storm.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

［答案解析］

16．B。［解析］题干意思：星期六傍晚，Trumbull县天气很好。本题句意思与原文相反。由关键词Trumbull County定位至原文第一段：Tornadoes and heavy thunderstorms moved across the Great Lakes and into Trumbull County on Saturday evening. The storms were dramatic and dangerous. 故答案选B。

17．A。［解析］题干意思：George Snyder是一位消防员。原文虽然没有直说他是干什么的，但由关键词George Snyder定位至第二段：George Snyder was driving the fire truck down Route 88 when he first noticed that a funnel cloud was behind him. 他在88国道上正开着消防车，由此可以推断他是消防员。故答案选A。

18．B。［解析］题干意思：暴风雨来临时Amanda Symcheck与别人正在地下室里聚会。由关键词Amanda Symcheck定位至第四段：Amanda Symcheck was having a party when the storm began. I started crying and told everyone to go to the basement for protection. 他们正在聚会，但没说在地下室里聚会，而是说暴风雨来临后，他们跑到地下室里躲藏。故答案选B。

19．B。［解析］题干意思：暴风雨中供电系统没遭到破坏。由关键词：Power supply system定位至第五段：The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes. 大风和暴雨使一些家庭的供电出现了问题，题干与原文信息相矛盾，故答案选B。

20．C。［解析］题干意思：一百年来，Trumbull县还没有遇到过这么大的暴风雨呢。此句的意思文章中根本没有提到，故答案选C。

21．A。［解析］题干意思：救援车辆费了很大劲才把人救出来。由关键词Rescue vehicles定位至倒数第三段：This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble. 故答案选A。

22．C。［解析］题干意思：暴风雨中有几个人失踪了。此句的意思文章中没有提到，故答案选C。

Achilles' heel

1．选项中出现的程度、范围、频率等与原文中的信息不相符合。

2．定位原文后立即选答案，而没有看清后面还有but，however，yet等转折连词。

3．选项中的因果关系与原文中的因果关系颠倒。

4．选B或C是凭借自己的主观判断，而不是根据文章。

5．虚拟语气掌握不是很好，文章中用的虚拟语气，题目中用的非虚拟语气，这样容易混淆。

例如：2004年综合类B级的阅读判断分析Mother Nature Shows Her Strength一文的第18题，题干意思：暴风雨来临时Amanda Symcheck与别人正在地下室里聚会。原文第四段提到：Amanda Symcheck was having a party when the storm began. I started crying and told everyone to go to the basement for protection. 故答案选B。但是如果没有看清后面还说了一句话：I started crying and told everyone to go to the basement for protection. 那么这道题考生很可能会选成C。