阅读理解分析（A） 专项练习与答案精讲 一
（一）Britain's Solo Sailor
Ellen MacArthur started sailing when she was eight, going out on sailing trips with her aunt. She loved it so much that she saved her money for three years to buy her first small sailing boat. When she was 18, she sailed alone around Britain and won the "Young Sailor of the Year" award.
But Ellen really became famous in 2001. Aged only 24, she was one of only two women who entered the Vendee Globe round the world solo race, which lasts 100 days. Despite many problems, she came second in the race out of 24 competitors and she was given a very warm welcome when she returned.
Ambition and determination have always been a big part of Ellen's personality. When she was younger, she lived in a kind of hut (棚屋) for three years while she was trying to get sponsorship to compete in a transatlantic race. Then she took a one-way ticket to France, bought a tiny seven-meter Class Mini yacht, slept under it while she was repairing it, and then she raced it 4,000 kilometers across the Atlantic in 1997, alone for 33 days.
Ellen has had to learn many things, because sailing single-handed means that she has to be her own captain, electrician, sail maker, engineer, doctor, journalist, cameraman and cook. She also has to be very fit, and because of the dangers of sleeping for long periods of time when she's in the middle of the ocean, she has trained herself to sleep for about 20 minutes at a time.
And she needs courage. Once, in the middle of the ocean, she had to climb the mast (桅杆) of a boat to repair the sails at four o'clock in the morning, with 100 kph winds blowing around her. It took her many hours to make the repairs. Ellen says, "I was exhausted when I came down. It's hard to describe how it feels to be up there. It's like trying to hold onto a big pole, which for me is just too big to get my arms around, with someone kicking you all the time and trying to shake you off."
But in her diary, Ellen also describes moments which make it all worthwhile (值得的): "A beautiful sunrise started the day, with black clouds slowly lit by the bright yellow sun. I have a very strong feeling of pleasure, being out here on the ocean and having the chance to live this. I just feel lucky to be here."
1. In the Vendee Globe race, Ellen won________.
A. a gold medal
B. the "Best Women Sailor" award
C. the second place
D. the "Young Sailor of the Year" award
2. Ellen lived in a kind of hut for three years________.
A. because she was interested in country life
B. because she was ambitious for the coming race
C. while she was learning how to repair sails
D. while she was trying to get financial support for a race
3. The word "solo" in the title could be best replaced by________.
A. self-starter
B. single-handed
C. one performer
D. self-made
4. According to Paragraph 4, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. She has to be her own teacher.
B. She has trained herself to sleep for about 20 minutes at a time.
C. She has to be very fit.
D. She has to learn to repair sails.
5. How does Ellen feel about the Vendee Globe race?
A. It is surprising.
B. It is relaxing.
C. It is dangerous.
D. It is enjoyable.
［高频考点］
考点1：细节信息的查找；
考点2：涉及原因的细节题；
考点3：猜词题；
考点4：采用排除法解决三正一误题；
考点5：态度题。
［主旨大意］
Ellen MacArthur八岁时开始驾驶帆船，十八岁时就独自驾驶帆船围绕英国航行并赢得了“年度青年水手”的称号。
但她在24岁时才真正成名。她是进入Vendee Globe环球个人帆船比赛的唯一的两名女选手之一，并在24名参赛的选手中获得了第二名的成绩。
雄心和决心是Ellen个性的重要成分，而且她必须学习许多东西，同时她必须充满勇气。虽然遭遇了很多困难，但Ellen觉得在海上航行、生活非常快乐。
［长难句结构解析］
1. She also has to be very fit, and because of the dangers of sleeping for long periods of time she's in the middle of the ocean, she has trained herself to sleep for about 20 minutes at a time.
（1）“fit”此处表示身体健康的。
（2）画线部分为介宾短语作原因状语，等于句子because it is dangerous to sleep for long periods of time...；其中...long periods of time she's in the middle of the ocean定语从句中省略了关系副词when，应为...long periods of time when she's in the middle of the ocean。
（3）“at a time”每次；注意区别几个易混淆的词组的含义及用法：
at no time 从不，绝不，在任何时候都不
eg: At no time in his life has he been braver than in that case.
他一生中从来没有像那一回那么勇敢。
at a time 每次，一次
eg: Take three pills at a time.
每次服用三粒。
at all times 一直，总是
eg: Keep your dictionary ready to hand at all times.
把词典随时放在手边。
at times 有时，不时
eg: The baby cries at times.
宝宝不时地哭叫起来。
（4）参考译文：同时必须非常健康，因为在海上长时间睡觉很危险，她已经训练到一次仅睡二十分钟。
2. It's like trying to hold onto a big pole, which for me is just too big to get my arms around, with someone kicking you all the time and trying to shake you off.
（1）这是一个主系表结构的句子，介宾短语作表语。
（2）画线部分为which引导的非限制性定语从句；“with someone kicking...”作伴随状语。
（3）参考译文：就像要抓住一个巨大的杆子，对我来说它太粗了，用胳膊不可能抱住。似乎有人一直在踢你并试图把你摇下去。
［答案解析］
1．C。［解析］细节考查题。根据文中第二段内容Aged only 24, she was one of only two women who entered the Vendee Globe round the world solo race..., she came second in the race out of 24 competitors...，可以看出，在Vendee Globe比赛中，Ellen获得了第二名，故答案为C。注意干扰选项B和D，B项文中未提到，而D项的称号是Ellen在18岁时获得的。
2．D。［解析］细节考查题。文中第三段第二句指出：When she was younger, she lived in a kind of hut (棚屋) for three years while she was trying to get sponsorship to compete in a transatlantic race. Ellen的目的是为了取得资助，对比选项，只有D项符合此意，故答案为D。
3．B。［解析］猜词题。标题中的solo：单独的、唯一的。选项A：工作主动的人，自动发起某项计划的人；选项B：单独一人的、独自的；选项C：一个表演者；选项D：自力更生的、自制的。根据各个选项的含义，只有B与solo的含义最为贴切，故答案为B。此外，文中第四段第一句Ellen has had to learn many things, because sailing single-handed means that...中也出现了single-handed一词，是与solo的同义替换。
4．A。［解析］三正一误的细节考查题。参见长难句结构分析1，可先将选项B和C排除。文中也体现了独自航行意味着自己要成为船长、电工、帆船修理工、工程师、医生、记者、摄影师和厨师，又可将选项D排除。只有A项的内容在文中并未提到，故正确答案为A。
5．D。［解析］态度题。文章最后一段描述了Ellen的精神状态：A beautiful sunrise started the day, with black clouds slowly lit by the bright yellow sun. I have a very strong feeling of pleasure, being out here on the ocean and having the chance to live this. I just feel lucky to be here. 句子意为：随着美丽的日出一天开始了，灿烂的阳光慢慢消除了乌云，心情非常快乐。能够有在大海上航行、生活的机会，我感到很幸运。显而易见，Ellen的心情是非常愉悦的，故答案为D。
