68 some, some of和any
1 some 作形容词用时,意为“一些”,可以修饰复数名词或不可数名词。
Some children are playing over there. 一些孩子正在那边玩。(泛指 )
Please bring me some tea. 请给我来点茶吧。
Some classmates of mine like swimming. 我的一些同学喜欢游泳。(特指 )
2 一般来说,在疑问句中要用any 代替some ,但在表示邀请、请求他人做某事的疑问句中要用some ,在表示期待得到肯定答复的疑问中也要用some 。
Would you like some tea? 喝点茶好吗?(邀请,=Please have some tea. )
Will you buy some apples? 买些苹果好吗?(请求,=Please buy some apples. )
Would you lend me some money? 你能借些钱给我吗?(期望得到肯定回答)
3 some of... 意为“……中有些”,指的是特定的人或事,后跟代词时,要用宾格,后跟名词时,名词前要加the。
Some of them get up early. (正)他们中有些人起床早 。
Some of the students get up early. (正)有些学生起床早 。
Some of students get up early. (误)
Some of the glasses are broken. (正)有些杯子破了 。
Some of glasses are broken. (误)
提示
most of...(……中大多数),two of...(……中两个),half of...(……的一半)等类似结构也都是这种用法。
most of them (正)
most of the workers (正)
most of workers (误)
half of it (正)
half of the bread (正)
half of bread (误)
4 any 一般用于疑问句、否定句,意为“一些,什么,(无论)哪一个,(无论)哪些”。
Is there any important news on TV? 电视上有什么重要新闻吗?
There isn't any water in the cup. 杯子里没有水。
Do any of you know the answer? 你们当中有谁知道答案吗?
提示
any在肯定句中表示“任何的”。
Any schoolboy knows it. 任何小学生都懂这个。
You may take any one of these pens. 这些钢笔你可以拿任何一支。