Chapter 5 A Tempest, a Shipwreck, an Earthquake, and What Else Befell Dr.Pangloss, Candide, and James, the Anabaptist

One half of the passengers, weakened and half-dead with the inconceivable anxiety and sickness which the rolling of a vessel at sea occasions through the whole human frame, were lost to all sense of the danger that surrounded them. The others made loud outcries, or betook themselves to their prayers；the sails were blown into shreds, and the masts were brought by the board.The vessel was a total wreck.Everyone was busily employed, but nobody could be either heard or obeyed.The Anabaptist, being upon deck, lent a helping hand as well as the rest, when a brutish sailor gave him a blow and laid him speechless；but, not withstanding, with the violence of the blow the tar himself tumbled headforemost overboard, and fell upon a piece of the broken mast, which he immediately grasped.Honest James, forgetting the injury he had so lately received from him, few to his assistance, and, with great diffculty, hauled him in again, but, not withstanding, in the attempt, was, by a sudden jerk of the ship, thrown overboard himself, in sight of the very fellow whom he had risked his life to save and who took not the least notice of him in this distress.Candide, who beheld all that passed and saw his benefactor one moment rising above water, and the next swallowed up by the merciless waves, was preparing to jump after him, but was prevented by the philosopher Pangloss, who demonstrated to him that the roadstead of Lisbon had been made on purpose for the Anabaptist to be drowned there.While he was proving his argument a priori, the ship foundered, and the whole crew perished, except Pangloss, Candide, and the sailor who had been the means of drowning the good Anabaptist.The villain swam ashore；but Pangloss and Candide reached the land upon a plank.

As soon as they had recovered from their surprise and fatigue they walked towards Lisbon；with what little money they had left they thought to save themselves from starving after having escaped drowning.

Scarcely had they ceased to lament the loss of their benefactor and set foot in the city, when they perceived that the earth trembled under their feet, and the sea, swelling and foaming in the harbor, was dashing in pieces the vessels that were riding at anchor. Large sheets of fames and cinders covered the streets and public places；the houses tottered, and were tumbled topsy-turvy even to their foundations, which were themselves destroyed, and thirty thousand inhabitants of both sexes, young and old, were buried beneath the ruins.

The sailor, whistling and swearing, cried，“Damn it, there's something to be got here.”

“What can be the sufficing reason of this phenomenon?”said Pangloss.

“It is certainly the day of judgment，”said Candide.

The sailor, defying death in the pursuit of plunder, rushed into the midst of the ruin, where he found some money, with which he got drunk, and, after he had slept himself sober he purchased the favors of the frst good-natured wench that came in his way, amidst the ruins of demolished houses and the groans of half-buried and expiring persons.

Pangloss pulled him by the sleeve.“Friend，”said he，“this is not right, you trespass against the universal reason, and have mistaken your time.”

“Death and zounds！”answered the other，“I am a sailor and was born at Batavia, and have trampled four times upon the crucifix in as many voyages to Japan；you have come to a good hand with your universal reason.”

In the meantime, Candide, who had been wounded by some pieces of stone that fell from the houses, lay stretched in the street, almost covered with rubbish.

“For God's sake，”said he to Pangloss，“get me a little wine and oil！I am dying.”

“This concussion of the earth is no new thing，”said Pangloss，“the city of Lima in South America experienced the same last year；the same cause, the same effects；there is certainly a train of sulphur all the way underground from Lima to Lisbon.”

“Nothing is more probable，”said Candide；“but for the love of God a little oil and wine.”

“Probable！”replied the philosopher，“I maintain that the thing is demonstrable.”

Candide fainted away, and Pangloss fetched him some water from a neighboring spring.

The next day, in searching among the ruins, they found some eatables with which they repaired their exhausted strength. After this they assisted the inhabitants in relieving the distressed and wounded.Some, whom they had humanely assisted, gave them as good a dinner as could be expected under such terrible circumstances.The repast, indeed, was mournful, and the company moistened their bread with their tears；but Pangloss endeavored to comfort them under this affiction by affrming that things could not be otherwise that they were.“For，”said he，“all this is for the very best end, for if there is a volcano at Lisbon it could be in no other spot；and it is impossible but things should be as they are, for everything is for the best.”

By the side of the preceptor sat a little man dressed in black, who was one of the familiars of the Inquisition. This person, taking him up with great complaisance, said，“Possibly, my good sir, you do not believe in original sin；for, if everything is best, there could have been no such thing as the fall or punishment of man.”

“Your Excellency will pardon me，”answered Pangloss, still more politely；“for the fall of man and the curse consequent thereupon necessarily entered into the system of the best of worlds.”

“That is as much as to say, sir，”rejoined the familiar，“you do not believe in free will.”

“Your Excellency will be so good as to excuse me，”said Pangloss，“free will is consistent with absolute necessity；for it was necessary we should be free, for in that the will—”

Pangloss was in the midst of his proposition, when the familiar beckoned to his attendant to help him to a glass of port wine.

第五章　飓风，覆舟，地震；邦葛罗斯博士、老实人和雅各的遭遇

船身颠簸打滚，人身上所有的液质[8]和神经都被搅乱了：这些难以想象的痛苦使半数乘客软瘫了，快死了，没有气力再为眼前的危险着急。另外一半乘客大声叫喊，做着祷告。帆破了，桅断了，船身裂了一半。大家忙着抢救，七嘴八舌，各有各的主意，谁也指挥不了谁。雅各帮着做点儿事；他正在舱面上，被一个发疯般的水手狠狠一拳打倒在地；水手用力过猛，也摔出去倒挂着吊在折断的桅杆上。好心的雅各上前援救，帮他爬上来；不料一使劲，雅各竟冲下海去，水手让他淹死，看都不屑一看。老实人瞧着恩人在水面上冒了一冒，不见了。他想跟着雅各跳海；哲学家邦葛罗斯把他拦住了，引经据典地说：为了要淹死雅各，海上才有这个里斯本港口的。他正在高谈因果以求证明的当口，船裂开了，所有的乘客都送了性命，只剩下邦葛罗斯、老实人和淹死善人雅各的野蛮水手，那坏蛋很顺利地泅到了岸上；邦葛罗斯和老实人靠一块木板把他们送上陆地。

他们惊魂略定，就向里斯本进发；身边还剩几个钱，只希望凭着这点儿盘缠，他们从飓风中逃出来的命，不至于再为饥饿送掉。

一边走一边悼念他们的恩人；才进城，他们觉得地震了[9]。港口里的浪像沸水一般往上直冒，停泊的船给打得稀烂。飞舞回旋的火焰和灰烬，盖满了街道和广场；屋子倒下来，房顶压在地基上，地基跟着坍毁；三万名男女老幼都给压死了。

水手打着呼哨，连咒带骂地说道：“哼，这儿倒可以发笔财呢。”

邦葛罗斯说：“这现象究竟有何根据呢？”

老实人嚷道：“啊！世界末日到了！”

水手闯进瓦砾场，不顾性命，只管找钱，找到了便揣在怀里；喝了很多酒，醉醺醺地睡了一觉，在倒坍的屋子和将死已死的人中间，遇到第一个肯卖笑的姑娘，他就掏出钱来买。

邦葛罗斯扯着他袖子，说道：“朋友，使不得，使不得，你违反理性了，干这个事不是时候。”

水手答道：“天杀的，去你的吧！我是当水手的，生在巴太维亚；到日本去过四次，好比十字架上爬过四次。理性，理性，你的理性找错人了！”

几块碎石头砸伤了老实人；他躺在街上，埋在瓦砾中间，和邦葛罗斯说道：“唉，给我一点儿酒和油吧；我要死了。”

邦葛罗斯答道：“地震不是新鲜事儿；南美洲的利马去年有过同样的震动；同样的因，同样的果；从利马到里斯本，地底下准有一道硫黄的伏流。”

“那很可能，”老实人说，“可是看在上帝分上，给我一些油和酒呀。”

哲学家回答：“怎么说可能？我断定那是千真万确的事。”

老实人晕过去了，邦葛罗斯从近边一口井里拿了点儿水给他。

第二天，他们在破砖碎瓦堆里爬来爬去，弄到一些吃的，略微长了些气力。他们跟旁人一同救护死里逃生的居民。得救的人中有几个请他们吃饭，算是大难之中所能张罗的最好的一餐。不用说，饭桌上空气凄凉得很；同席的都是一把眼泪，一口面包。邦葛罗斯安慰他们，说那是定数：“因为那安排得不能再好了；里斯本既然有一座火山，这座火山就不可能在旁的地方。因为物之所在，不能不在，因为一切皆善。”

旁边坐着一位穿黑衣服的矮个子，是异教裁判所的一个小官；他挺有礼貌地开言道：“先生明明不信原始罪恶了；倘使一切都十全十美，人就不会堕落，不会受罚了[10]。”

邦葛罗斯回答的时候比他礼貌更周到：“敬请阁下原谅，鄙意并非如此。人的堕落和受罚，在好得不能再好的世界上，原是必不可少的事。”

那小官儿又道：“先生莫非不信自由吗？”

邦葛罗斯答道：“敬请阁下原谅；自由与定数可以并存不悖；因为我们必须自由，因为坚决的意志……”

邦葛罗斯说到一半，那小官儿对手下的卫兵点点头，卫兵便过来替他斟包多酒或是什么奥包多酒。