African countries have reclaimed many historic objects, called artifacts, from European countries.
非洲国家从欧洲国家回收了许多历史文物。
 
Recently, Nigeria and Germany signed a deal for the return of hundreds of artifacts known as the Benin Bronzes. The deal followed French President Emmanuel Macron's decision last year to sign over 26 pieces known as the Abomey Treasures. Those are valuable artworks from the 19th century Dahomey kingdom in present-day Benin.
最近，尼日利亚和德国签署了一项协议，将归还数百件被称为贝宁青铜器的文物。去年，法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙决定签署26件被称为“阿波美珍宝”的艺术品。这些都是来自19世纪达荷美王国的珍贵艺术品，位于今天的贝宁。
 
But many artifacts are still missing and some countries have also been resistant to returning them.
但许多文物仍然下落不明，一些国家也拒绝归还它们。
 
One such object is an eight-legged seat from the old kingdom in Uganda. The important artifact now sits at a museum thousands of kilometers away in Britain.
其中一个是乌干达古王国的八足座椅。这件重要的文物现在位于数千公里外的英国博物馆中。
 
The wooden seat is housed at the University of Oxford. It is one of at least 279 objects there taken from the Bunyoro-Kitara kingdom during colonial times. Oxford has fought off attempts to have the artifact taken back to Uganda, saying it was donated to the university.
这个木制座椅收藏于牛津大学。它是殖民时期从布约洛-基塔拉王国带走的至少279件物品之一。牛津大学拒绝了将该文物带回乌干达的企图，称其是捐赠给牛津大学的。
 
Apollo John Rwamparo is a deputy prime minister of Uganda. He urged the British to do "like the French and the Germans have done and return the artifacts."
阿波罗·约翰·鲁万帕罗是乌干达副总理。他敦促英国人“像法国人和德国人那样，归还文物”。
 
Uganda officials are preparing to meet in November with the University of Cambridge in Britain. The school has an unknown number of artifacts from Africa. It recently returned a bronze cockerel to Nigeria.
乌干达官员正准备在 11 月与英国剑桥大学会面。这所学校有数量不详的来自非洲的文物。它最近将一只青铜公鸡归还给了尼日利亚。
 
But London's British Museum has been hard to negotiate with, said Rose Mwanja Nkaale. She is Uganda's commissioner for museums and monuments. "We can start with those that are willing to cooperate. It is not useful to fight these people."
但罗斯·姆万贾·恩卡勒说，伦敦的大英博物馆一直很难协商。她是乌干达博物馆和纪念碑的专员。“我们可以从那些愿意合作的人开始，与这些人打架是没有用的。”
 
The British Museum holds a large collection from across Africa. It is protected by a 1963 law preventing the museum from returning artifacts unless the objects are considered unfit or useless. Some African officials believe that law is increasingly weak as other nations have been more open to returning them.
大英博物馆收藏了大量来自非洲各地的藏品。它受到1963年一项法律的保护，该法律禁止博物馆归还文物，除非这些文物被认为是不适合或无用的。一些非洲官员认为，随着其他国家对归还文物的态度更加开放，这条法律的约束力越来越薄弱。
Abba Isa Tijani is director-general of Nigeria's National Commission for Museums and Monuments. He said Nigeria is pressuring Britain and other countries to change the laws permitting the return of disputed collections. But he expressed concern that while some countries are starting to open up, in Britain such efforts "have not even started."
Abba Isa Tijani 是尼日利亚国家博物馆和纪念碑委员会的总干事。他说，尼日利亚正在向英国和其他国家施压，要求修改允许归还有争议的藏品的法律。但他表示担心，虽然一些国家开始开放，但在英国，这种努力“甚至还没有开始”。
 
Many of the artifacts from Africa cannot even be found. That led to an organization started by late Congolese art collector Sindika Dokolo. It offers to buy stolen African art from collections in foreign countries. By 2020, when Dokolo died, his group had successfully recovered 15 items.
许多来自非洲的文物甚至都找不到，促使一个由已故的刚果艺术收藏家Sindika Dokolo成立的组织。它提供从国外收藏的被盗非洲艺术品。到2020年Dokolo去世时，他的团队已经成功找回了15件物品。
 
However, recovery of artifacts remains a struggle for African governments. And the African Union has put the return of stolen cultural property up for discussion. The union aims to soon have a common policy on the issue.
然而，对非洲各国政府来说，追回文物仍然是一项艰巨的任务。非洲联盟已经将归还被盗文化财产的问题提上了讨论的日程。工会的目标是很快就这个问题制定出一个共同的政策。
 
Zimbabwe has pushed for the return of about 3,000 artifacts from Britain. They include weapons as well as the skulls of fighters who fought against colonialism. Their heads were cut off and shipped away as war prizes.
津巴布韦敦促英国归还约3000件文物。其中包括武器和反抗殖民主义的战士的头骨。他们的头被砍下来作为战利品运走。
 
Talks between British and Zimbabwean officials have produced no big agreement. But the issue is so important for Zimbabwe that President Emmerson Mnangagwa last year suggested an exchange. Zimbabwe would return the remains of colonialist Cecil Rhodes, who is buried in the country. In return, Zimbabwe would receive the remains of the fighters.
英国和津巴布韦官员之间的会谈没有达成任何重大协议。但这个问题对津巴布韦来说非常重要，以至于埃默森·姆南加古瓦总统去年建议交换。津巴布韦将归还埋在该国的殖民主义者塞西尔罗德斯的遗体。作为回报，津巴布韦将收到战士们的遗体。
 
Rwanda recently made an agreement with its former colonial occupier, Belgium. The deal included the sharing of digital copies of over 4,000 songs and other recordings kept at the Royal Museum for Central Africa outside Brussels.
卢旺达最近与它的前殖民占领者比利时达成了一项协议。该协议包括分享存放在布鲁塞尔外的中非皇家博物馆的4000多首歌曲的数字副本和其他录音。。
 
But the location of the remains of one of Rwanda's last kings, Yuhi Musinga, is a serious issue in the East African country. Many Rwandans believe the body of Musinga, who resisted the Belgians and died in Congo, was sent to Belgium.
但在这个东非国家，卢旺达最后一位国王尤希·穆辛加 (Yuhi Musinga) 的遗体位置仍是一个激烈的问题。许多卢旺达人认为，抵抗比利时人并死于刚果的穆辛加的遗体就在比利时。
 
Antoine Nyagahene is a professor of history at Rwanda's Gitwe University. He said there should be some justice in that case.
Antoine Nyagahene 是卢旺达吉特威大学的历史教授。他说在这种情况下应该有一些正义。
 
"We were robbed of our cultural values and, as you know, a people without roots are a people without a soul," he said.
“我们被剥夺了文化价值，众所周知，没有根的民族就是没有灵魂的民族。”他说。
 
I'm Dan Novak.
丹·诺瓦克报道。