读书无用?上大学无用?学托福无用?
I am fortunate to have gone to university: fortunate to have had the experience and fortunate to have had the skills that get you through school and into higher education. There are plenty of skills I do not have — skills more valuable than turning out newspaper columns. They include fixing leaking roofs, replacing car brake pads, inserting catheters and disarming knife-wielding muggers.
我很幸运读过大学：有幸拥有读大学的体验、有幸拥有读完中学然后接受高等教育的技能。还有很多比撰写报纸专栏更有价值的技能是我不具备的。这些技能包括修补漏水的屋顶、更换汽车刹车片、给病人插入导管以及制服持刀的劫犯。
以上这段话是从一本杂志上摘抄下来的，现代社会中有一股鼓吹读书无用的言论，并不否认能力很重要，有时候能力比学历更重要。但是读书、学托福，上大学真的没用吗?
每个人都有自己的看法也有自己的理由，在这里并不多作说明。今天就以这为引子，给大家介绍一下托福考试中有关教育的词汇。
正方：
TOPIC：教育;工作;技术进步;社会安全;
场景：
高等教育&工作/成功：上大学有必要吗?
象牙塔vs.社会经验;通识教育vs.专业知识;实习 & 学徒;
犯罪 & 安全：技术进步 & 犯罪多样化;
【口语 + 写作】
“All officers‘should have degrees’,”was the BBC headline. An adviser to the College
of Policing, which sets standards for police training in England and Wales, said: “We
are looking to have degree-level qualifications for constable and masters for superintendent.”
“所有警员都‘应拥有学位’，”英国广播公司(BBC)的新闻标题写道。负责设定英格兰及威尔士警察培训标准的警务学院(College of Policing)的一名顾问称：“我们正在酝酿要求警员拥有学位级别的学历，而警司拥有硕士学位。”
【经典句式】
officer警员
degree学位
headline新闻标题
adviser顾问
set standards for设定……的标准
police training警察培训
The college said that France and Spain already demanded that new-entry police officer shave degrees and that inspectors have master’s degrees.
警务学院表示，法国与西班牙早已要求新入职警员拥有学位，督察拥有硕士学位。
【经典句式】
demand要求
new-entry新入职的
police officer警员
inspector督察
master’s degree硕士学位
The college said professions such as medicine, nursing, law and social work all required
university qualifications.The high level at which police officers operated today meant UK
forces needed to consider degrees too.
该学院称，医生、护士、法律及社工等职业均要求有大学文凭。如今的高水平警务工作意味着英国的警察队伍也需要考虑学位。
【经典句式】
profession职业
require要求
university qualification大学文凭
operate执行
【犀利观点】医生、护士、律师、社工的表达方式：
professions such as medicine, nursing, law and social work
【犀利观点】很多职业都要求大学文凭：
Professions such as medicine, nursing, law and social work all required university qualifications.
It is easy to understand what the college is talking about. Dealing with cross-border terrorism,cyber crime and financial fraud needs sophisticated skills.Police forces
that can attract graduates will probably benefit.But the idea that every officer needs to be
a graduate seems wrong-headed.
不难理解该学院的意思。应对国际恐怖主义、网络犯罪及金融欺诈需要高超的技能。如果能吸引到大学毕业生，警队很可能会从中受益。但是，要求所有警员都是大学毕业生的想法似乎是错误的。
【经典句式】
deal with应对
cross-border terrorism国际恐怖主义
cyber crime 网络犯罪
financial fraud金融欺诈
sophisticated复杂的
police force警队
graduate大学毕业生
benefit受益
officer警员
【大作文万用句式】反对：
It is easy to understand …But the idea that … seems wrong-headed. ……不难理解。但是，……的想法似乎是错误的。
【犀利观点】技术发展&犯罪：
Dealing with cross-border terrorism, cyber crime and financial fraud needs sophisticated skills.
反方：
TOPIC：教育;工作;技术进步;社会安全;
场景：
高等教育&工作/成功：上大学有必要吗?
象牙塔vs.社会经验;通识教育vs.专业知识;实习 & 学徒;
犯罪 & 安全：技术进步 & 犯罪多样化;
【经典句式】
fortunate幸运的
go to university上大学
experience体验
higher education高等教育
plenty of很多
valuable有价值的
turn out产出
newspaper column报纸专栏
fix修复
leak漏水
roof屋顶
replace替代
car brake汽车刹车
insert插入
disarm卸去武装;制服
knife-wielding mugger持刀的抢劫犯
【犀利观点】很多职业都要不需要大学文凭：全段
These require training, practice and experience. I doubt that three or four years of
attending (or skipping) lectures, trying out and discarding political philosophies,
socialising and partying teach you any of these. The idea that university is the
pinnacle of educational achievement denigrates valuable nonacademic skills.
This view is particularly strong in the UK which, as a consequence, has a poor
record on apprenticeships.
这些技能需要培训、实践和经验。我不相信用三、四年的课堂教育(或逃课)、听完即忘的政治哲学、社交和聚会能够传授其中任何技能。把大学看作教育成就顶峰的观念，贬低了宝贵的非学术类技能。而这种观念在英国尤为强烈，其结果是英国的学徒教育乏善可陈。
【经典句式】
require需要
training培训
practice实践
experience经验
attend lectures上课(大学)
skip lectures逃课(大学)
try out尝试
discard丢弃
socialise社交
pinnacle高峰
denigrate诋毁;玷污
non-academic skill非学术类技能
consequence结果
has a poor record on … 表现很差
【大作文万用句式】反对：
I doubt that …我不认为……
【犀利观点】有些技巧要在课堂之外学习：
These require training, practice and experience. I doubt that three or four years
of attending (or skipping) lectures, trying out and discarding political philosophies,
socialising and partying teach you any of these.
【犀利观点】象牙塔并非圣贤：
The idea that university is the pinnacle of educational achievement denigrates valuable non-academic skills.
Although the British government has made boosting the apprenticeship system a
priority, a report last month from Ofsted, the education inspection service, said
that a third of the apprenticeship providers they visited offered substandard training.
虽然英国政府已将振兴学徒制度列为一项政策重点，但教育检查服务机构——教育标准局(Ofsted) 10月发布的一份报告称，他们走访的培养学徒的机构中，有三分之一提供的培训不合格。
【经典句式】
make… a priority将……列为优先项目
boost振兴;推动
apprenticeship学徒
inspection督查
substandard不合格的
training培训
