为什么冠状病毒对大学校园的影响特别严重
Universities across the US are places where students live and work in close quarters -- and where international partnerships are a point of pride.
美国的大学是学生们生活和工作的紧密结合的地方，而国际合作伙伴关系则是一个引以为豪的地方。
Temporary campus closures, enrollment dips and program cancellations are all possibilities -- though it's too soon to know whether the novel coronavirus will force a large number of US universities to take such extreme steps.
尽管现在还不知道这种新型冠状病毒是否会迫使大量美国大学采取如此极端的措施，暂时的校园关闭、入学人数下降和项目取消都是可能的。
Already, some schools are canceling in-person classes. Officials say there's little doubt the effects will intensify, and they're doing everything they can to plan and prepare.
一些学校已经取消了当面授课。官员们说，毫无疑问，这种影响会加剧，他们正在尽一切可能进行计划和准备。
"Everybody is really feeling this as such a tremendous disruptor, creating this huge sense of anxiety and uncertainty," said Cheryl Matherly, vice president and vice provost for international affairs at Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.
“每个人都觉得这是一个巨大的干扰因素，造成了巨大的焦虑和不确定性，”位于宾夕法尼亚州伯利恒的利哈伊大学副校长兼国际事务副教务长谢丽尔·马瑟利说。
Whether or not you're at a college or university, the virus is threatening to disrupt everyone's daily life . But on campuses across the US, the impact could be particularly acute. Here are five reasons why.
无论你是否在上大学，这种病毒都在威胁着每个人的日常生活。但在美国各地的校园里，这种影响可能尤为严重。这里有五个原因。
There are more than 1 million international students at US universities.
美国大学有超过100万的国际学生。
"One of my grad students said to me she couldn't bear to look at her phone anymore," Matherly said. "There were so many terrible things happening, and how stressful that is when she's sitting here in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania."
“我的一个研究生对我说，她再也不想看她的手机了，”马瑟利说。“发生了那么多可怕的事情，当她坐在宾夕法尼亚州伯利恒时，压力是多么大。”
US officials have described the travel restrictions as a valuable tool that helped slow the spread of the virus.
美国官员称旅行限制是帮助减缓病毒传播的宝贵工具。
More than 830 international students from China were in their home country when the virus outbreak happened and have not been able to come or return to the United States, according to results from a survey of US colleges and universities released Thursday by the Institute of International Education.
据美国国际教育协会周四发布的一项针对美国高校的调查结果显示，当病毒爆发时，有超过830名来自中国的国际学生在他们的祖国，无法来美国或返回美国。
More students are studying abroad than ever
出国留学的学生比以往任何时候都多
The virus is spreading at a time when studying abroad is more popular than ever. More than 340.000 Americans studied abroad for academic credit in the 2017-2018 school year, according to the Institute of International Education.
当出国留学比以往任何时候都更受欢迎的时候，这种病毒却在传播。根据美国国际教育协会的数据，在2017-2018学年，超过34万美国人出国留学获得学分。
Italy, where the number of novel coronavirus cases began climbing late last month, is one of the top study abroad destinations for US students. More than 36.000 Americans studied abroad there for academic credit during the 2017-2018 school year.
意大利是美国学生出国留学的首选目的地之一，该国新型冠状病毒病例数量在上个月下旬开始攀升。在2017-2018学年，超过36.000名美国人在意大利留学以获得学分。
US universities have been working hard to expand their global reach
美国大学一直在努力扩大其全球影响力
Hosting visiting scholars, planning conferences that bring together experts from around the world and research partnerships that span the globe are all regular parts of campus life -- and now areas the novel coronavirus is threatening to disrupt.
接待访问学者、召集来自世界各地的专家召开会议、建立跨越全球的研究伙伴关系，这些都是校园生活的常规组成部分，而现在这种新型冠状病毒正威胁着这些领域。
But even as the novel coronavirus fuels concerns over the prospect of canceled conferences and global partnerships lurching into limbo, it's also spurring more opportunities for international collaboration.
但是，尽管新型冠状病毒引发了人们对会议取消和全球合作陷入僵局前景的担忧，它也激发了更多的国际合作机会。
As they work to study coronavirus and develop treatments, researchers at American universities are teaming up with counterparts in China and around the world.
在研究冠状病毒和开发治疗方法的同时，美国大学的研究人员正在与中国和世界各地的同行合作。
Viruses have been known to spread on college campuses
病毒已经在大学校园传播
It's no secret that college campuses can be environments that are conducive to contagion.
众所周知，大学校园可能是一个易于传染的环境。
"Any place where you have people living in congregate settings, using dining halls, eating in groups of large numbers of people, with lots of social activities, you're going to have potential for outbreaks of infectious diseases," said Dr. Donald Milton of the University of Maryland at College Park.
马里兰大学帕克分校的唐纳德·弥尔顿博士说:“任何一个地方，只要有人聚集在一起，使用食堂，和一大群人一起吃饭，有很多社交活动，就有可能爆发传染病。”
So have rumors
散布谣言
Many universities can draw on past experiences handling outbreaks of other illnesses like the common cold, influenza or meningitis.
许多大学可以借鉴过去处理其他疾病暴发的经验，如普通感冒、流感或脑膜炎。
And the University of California at Berkeley issued an apology after a post on its health services' Instagram account about "managing fears and anxiety" around coronavirus listed xenophobia as a common reaction to the virus, drawing a fierce backlash online.
美国加州大学伯克利分校在其医疗服务机构Instagram账户上发布了一篇关于冠状病毒“管理恐惧和焦虑”的帖子，将仇外心理列为对该病毒的常见反应，在网上引起强烈反响，随后该校发表道歉。
