美国10年惊人的就业增长几乎在4周内消失殆尽

The number of people filing for unemployment climbed by another 5.2 million last week as the toll of the nation's economic dive amid the pandemic continues to mount. That number is down from the revised 6.6 million in the week that ended April 4. the Labor Department said.

上周，美国首次申请失业救济的人数又增加了520万人，因为在流感大流行期间，美国经济下滑的代价继续攀升。劳工部称，这一数字低于4月4日当周修正后的660万。

But in the past four weeks, a total of 22 million have filed jobless claims — nearly wiping out all the job gains since the Great Recession.

但在过去四周，总共有2.200万人申请失业救济，几乎抹去了大萧条以来所有的就业增长。

The dramatic reversal followed a decade of spectacular growth in jobs that brought the unemployment rate to near 50-year lows along with record low jobless rates for blacks and Hispanics. Now the job market is on its knees.

在这一戏剧性的逆转之前，美国就业市场经历了10年的高速增长，失业率降至近50年来的最低水平，黑人和拉美裔美国人的失业率也创下历史新低。现在，就业市场陷入了困境。

The unemployment rate is expected to surge in coming months, with many full-time workers pushed into part-time jobs or not working at all. The economy lost about 700.000 jobs in March — ending 113 straight months of increases. And overall job losses are likely to be 10 to 20 times that big in April, says Dante DeAntonio, an economist at Moody's Analytics.

失业率预计在未来几个月将大幅上升，许多全职工人被迫去做兼职工作，或者根本不工作。美国经济在3月份失去了大约70万个就业机会，结束了连续113个月的增长。穆迪分析的经济学家丹蒂•德安东尼奥表示，4月份的总失业人数可能是这个数字的10至20倍。

"The speed and scale of job losses will be more similar to a natural disaster than a typical recession," DeAntonio says.

“失业的速度和规模更像是一场自然灾害，而不是一场典型的衰退，”德安东尼奥说。

In its first four weeks, the crisis has erased job openings "at a rate that took the Great Recession nine months to match," says Daniel Zhao, senior economist at Glassdoor.

Glassdoor高级经济学家丹尼尔•赵表示，在危机爆发后的头四周，新增就业岗位“以大衰退9个月才达到的速度”减少。

While the first wave of layoffs tended to hit hospitality, energy and retail workers, the current round is affecting a broader swath of the economy.

尽管第一波裁员潮倾向于冲击酒店业、能源业和零售业的员工，但当前这一轮裁员正在影响更广泛的经济领域。

Gregory Daco, chief U.S. economist at Oxford Economics, says the April unemployment report is likely to show a loss of 3.4 million jobs in business services, which include architects, lawyers, consultants and advertising professionals.

牛津经济研究院的首席美国经济学家格雷戈里·达科说，4月份的失业报告可能会显示，包括建筑师、律师、顾问和广告专业人员在内的商业服务行业将减少340万个工作岗位。

"The virus shock does not discriminate across sectors as we initially thought," Daco told The Wall Street Journal.

达科在接受《华尔街日报》采访时说：“病毒冲击并不像我们最初想象的那样，在各个行业之间造成歧视。

Zhao says that "it's hard to find an industry or city not impacted by the coronavirus currently."

赵说:“目前很难找到一个不受冠状病毒影响的行业或城市。”