054

The drawing subtly reflects that air pollution is becoming increasingly serious in big cities. In the cartoon, there are a large number of cars, buses and trucks driving on the road, and the air quality is extremely bad. Meanwhile, a good many people are constantly coughing in their offices and homes. The magnifier reads: "PM 2.5".

Recent years have seen a rapid increase in the number of urban motor vehicles. Their emissions contribute significantly to air pollution and are a major ingredient in the creation of smog in some large cities. The smog's most threatening aspect is its high concentration of PM 2.5-particulate matter that is small enough to lodge deep into the lungs and enter the bloodstream. No wonder that sometimes people have difficulty breathing or keep coughing.

In my view, it is imperative for us to take measures to reduce vehicle emissions, in terms of fuel quality and vehicle emission reduction technologies. Moreover, planting more trees can benefit air quality and the health of city residents.

这幅画微妙地反映了大城市的空气污染正在日益严重。在漫画中，大量的轿车、公交车和卡车行驶在路上，空气质量非常糟糕。同时，很多人在他们的办公室或家中不停地咳嗽。放大镜上写着"PM 2.5"。

近年来城市机动车的数量激增。机动车排放的尾气在很大程度上造成了空气污染，还是一些大城市烟雾形成的主因。烟雾中对人威胁最大的是高浓度的细颗粒物(PM 2.5)，这种颗粒物小到足以进入到肺的深处并进入血流中。怪不得有时人们会感到呼吸困难或咳个不停。

在我看来，我们必须采取措施减少机动车的尾气排放量，可以从提升燃油的质量和发展减少机动车尾气排放量的技术这两方面入手。此外，多种树也对空气质量和城市居民的健康有益。

道长点评

考研写作真题已经考过五次环境保护类话题：1991年的"住在城里还是乡下?"，1999年的"人口增长导致野生生物减少"，2000年的"世界商业捕鱼与保护海洋资源"，2009年的小作文"限制使用塑料袋"以及2011年英语(一)的大作文"旅游与环境"。空气污染、雾霾天气已成为街谈巷议的热点话题，希望考生予以重视。

reflect 反映

air pollution 空气污染

serious 严重的

a large number of 大量的

a good many 很多

constantly 不断地

cough 咳嗽

magnifier 放大镜

read 写着

PM 2.5 细颗粒物

urban 城市的

motor vehicle 机动车

emission 排放物

significantly 大大地

ingredient 要素

creation 形成

smog 烟雾

threatening 具威胁的

concentration 浓度

particulate matter 颗粒物

lung 肺

bloodstream 血流

breathe 呼吸

imperative 极重要的

fuel 燃料

reduction 减少

technology 技术

resident 居民

1　Today, whether in Bangkok, Beijing or Berlin, the roads of the world's most populous cities are more crowded with motor vehicles than at any other time in history.

如今，无论在曼谷、北京还是柏林，这些世界上人口最稠密的城市的道路上挤满了机动车，数量比历史上任何时候都要多。

2　Due to the lower air quality, the occurrence of asthma and other lung-related illnesses is considerably higher in large cities than in rural areas.

由于空气质量较差，大城市哮喘和其他肺部疾病的发病率要比农村高很多。