SECTION I : "R" and "L" {Counter #.................}
[LANGUAGE NOTE : The American-style initial R-Sound should be practiced by speakers of all other first language groups. Of course, R/L confusion usually takes place with speakers of East Asian language -- those of JAPAN, CHINA, KOREA, and SOUTHEAST ASIA. Be particularly careful not to insert the extra vowel sound when the "R" follows other consonants if you are a speaker of HINDI (and other subcontinent languages), ARABIC, FARSI, and TOGOLOG.
L4/S1-A : THE "R" (consonant) Phonetic Symbol : [ r ]
Here are a few more drills for the R-shaded vowels.
| repeat | rid | rest | rat | root | rookie | rough |
| run | rake | roast | rye | round | royal | rear |
| rural | rotten | roar | tree | free | trip | grid |
| Fred | tread | true | brew | crook | broad | trust |
| crop | tropic | grade | thrill | chrome | grown | freight |
| trial | crowd | proud | Troy | broil | trash | crash |
- Remember the Red River Rovers whenever revisiting Texas.
- Real estate agents read listings regularly.
- Trucks from the farm ravaged the remaining structures.
- Retractors really roll away from your grip.
- Red roses represent real royalty there in France.
L4/S1-B : THE "L" Phonetic Symbol : [ l ]
Now try these extra drills for L not found on the tape.
- Listen, Larry, we'd like to level with you about your lawn.
- Until eleven its less likely to happen.
- Spelling takes a toll on the girl's listening abilities.
- The lesson learned is clearly about loving your daily labor.
L4/S1-C : CONTRASTING "R" and "L"
And some additional contrasts which are not recorded on the tape:
| element/error | load/road | wrong/long |
| illness/irregular | rug/lug | rust/lust |
| regulate/legislate | roast/close | royal/loyal |
SECTION II : "V" and "W"
{Counter # ........}
[LANGUAGE NOTE : Pay particular attention to the V and W formations and contrasts if your first language is GERMAN, RUSSIAN, other SLAVIC languages, as well as FINNISH, HUNGARIAN, NORWEGIAN, SWEDISH, and DANISH, FARSI, HINDI and other languages of the subcontinent.]
L4/S2-A : THE "V" Phonetic Symbol : [ v ]
veal, visit, vest, voodoo, Vaughn, vacate, vote, vibrate, void, veer, vary, vat, fever, harvest, avoid, save, grieve, relieve, love, shelves, wave, groove, grove, leave
L4/S2-B : THE "W" Phonetic Symbol : [ w ]
HOWEVER -- There are many parts of the United States where the W sound is pronounced with a slight, voiceless air puff before the lip glide when the word contains the "wh" spelling.
And here are extra W drills not recorded on the tape.
we, will, west, wax, wooed, walk, wok, woke, wake, wow, war, were, west, will, want, which, want, whale, when, white, whip
L4/S2-C : CONTRASTING "V" and "W"
And now a few extra pair :
west/vest worse/verse went/vent Velma/well
L4/S2-D : CONTRASTING "R", "W", and "V"
And a few other sets for you to practice:
rill/will/villain Rome/won't/vote rye/why/violent/round/wound/vow
SECTION III : "B" and "V" {Counter #.......}
L4/S3-A: THE "B" Phonetic Symbol: [ b ]
[LANGUAGE NOTE : SPANISH speakers must pay closest attention to the contrast between the American "B" and "V" consonants.]
And now some additional drills for the "B" consonant which aren't recorded on the tape.
L4/S3-B : CONTRASTING "B" and "V"
And now try some additional B/V contrast.
