例35 We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves.
【结构分析】主语中心语是We,谓语动词是live,介词短语in a society是个状语,in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive是个定语从句,修饰前面的society,冒号后面的四个名词短语是补充说明前面的信息,其中an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning都是不定式to do这种结构修饰前面的名词短语,最后是个名词加上介词短语的形式,也就是a cigarette for the nerves。
【亮点回放】此句话的亮点在于三个不定式很经典,修饰前面的名词短语,冒号用得很恰当,表示从观点到细节的过程。
【核心词汇】
substances 药品
pervasive 广泛
aspirin 阿司匹林
quiet a headache 缓解头疼
sociable 应酬
get going 提神
nerve 情绪
【参考译文】在我们生活的社会里,物质(药品)被广泛地运用于社交和医疗:服用阿司匹林来缓解头疼,喝酒来应酬,早晨喝咖啡来提神,吸烟镇定情绪等。