英语词根——练习19:
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    2021大学英语四级英语词根练习100天(汇总)

       1. [词根辨异]现在又遇到一对异源同形根:cern的异体cret1=to separate;cresc的异体cret2=to grow。请指出下列单词中词根cret的含义:

       excretion    discrete    secretary    concretion

       accretion    discretion   concretive   secretive

       2. [由此及彼]比较下边两列的构词规律,填上相应的单词:

       increase 增加        decrease 减少

       ① increment 增加量     ________________减少量

       ② increscent        ________________渐盈的渐亏的

       3. [词义判断]选择最恰当的词义。

       ① recreate  A.改造   B.消遣   C.再生

       ② re-create  A.改造   B.消遣   C.再生

       ③ procreate A.生殖   B.催生   C.代生

       4. [寻根问底]指出下列单词的词根并领会其词义的由来。

       ① concrescence n.合生;增值

       ② decremeter n. [无]衰减计

       ③ decrescendo a. [音] 渐弱的

       ④ crescendo a. [音] 渐强的

       ⑤ accrete v.增大;合生

       ⑥ incrementalism n.渐进主义

       20. cub, cumb [L]=to lie down躺

       常用词incumbent,succumb,concubine和incubate是一组同根词。词根cub来自拉丁动词cubare,词根cumb来自拉丁动词cumbere;而cumbere和cubare实际上是同一个词的异体,意思都相当于英语的to lie down(躺,卧)。

       incumbent [in-=upon在……之上;cumb=to lie down躺;-ent a.=-ing……的→“lying upon somebody躺在或赋予某人身上的”→] I a. lying or resting on(somebody)as an obligation作为责任的:It is incumbent on you to warn them.你有责任告诫他们。→Ⅱn. person on whom an obligation lies;one who holds public office负有责任者;任公职者:the struggle between the incumbents and the candidates现任者与候选人之间的斗争

       ▽incumbency [in-;cumb;-ency n.] n.责任;任职;职权

       succumb [suc-(sub-)=under在……之下;cumb=to lie down躺倒→“to lie down under pressure, illness etc.在压力、疾病等之下躺倒”→] v.① give way;yield让步,屈服:We will not succumb to difficulties.我们决不向困难低头。② die死:He succumbed to cancer.他死于癌症。

       concubine [con-=together共同;cub=to lie down卧;-ine n.=female女人→“woman who lies down together with a man与某男人同卧共宿的女人”→] n. woman who inhabits with a man without being married姘妇,情妇

       ▽concubinage [concubin(e);-age n.] n.情妇身份;非法同居

       incubate [in-=on在……上;cub=to lie卧;-ate v.=to cause使……→“to cause (a hen, etc.) to lie on eggs 使(母鸡等)卧在卵上”→] v.①sit on eggs in order to hatch them孵卵,孵化:Even a good hen can't incubate a wooden egg.母鸡再好也孵不了木头蛋。② give form to;develop把……酝酿成熟;使发展:to incubate a plan 酝酿一个计划

       ▽incubation [incubat(e);-ion n.] n.孵化;酝酿

       incubator [incubat(e);-or n.] n.孵化器

       incubative [incubat(e);-ive a.] a.孵卵的;潜伏期的

       incubus [in-=upon在……之上;cub=to lie down卧;-us n.=thing物→“thing inclined to lie down upon a person喜欢卧在人的身上的东西”→] n. evil spirit supposed to lie down upon sleeping persons;nightmare压在睡眠者身上的恶魔;梦魔:The debt is like an incubus on me.这笔债务使我梦寐不安。

       cubicle [cub=to lie躺;-icle n.=small thing 小东西→“small room for lying down供躺下歇息的小房间”→] n.① small bedroom小卧室② any small room小室

       ▽cubicular [cub;-icular a.] a.寝室的

       recumbent [re-=backward向后;cumb=to lie躺;-ent a.=-ing……的→] a. lying backward;reclining躺着的;斜卧的:recumbent statue雕塑的卧像

       ▽recumbency [recumben(t);-cy n.] n.斜卧;依靠

       procumbent [pro-=forward向前;cumb=to lie躺;-ent a.=-ing……的→“lying forward向前卧着的”→] a. leaning forward;prostrate;prone前俯的;平卧的;爬在地下的:The man fell procumbent on the ground.那个人摔了个嘴啃泥。

    2021大学英语四级英语词根练习100天(汇总)

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