[00:00.00]Lesson 19
[00:01.07]第十九课
[00:02.14]NIGHTINGALE
[00:03.17]南丁格尔
[00:04.21]Florence Nightingale came from a rich family and was very pretty.
[00:07.60]弗罗伦斯·南丁格尔出身富有家庭，相貌俊俏。
[00:11.00]In her family,young girls usually spent their time going to parties until they married rich young men.
[00:15.05]在像她这样的家庭里，年轻女子先是把时间打发在舞上，然后嫁给富家子弟。
[00:19.10]But Florence found parties boring;she wanted to be a nurse.
[00:22.06]但是弗罗伦斯觉得舞会无聊;她想当护士。
[00:25.03]Finally,in 1850,when she was 30,her parents accepted her decision.So she went to study in a hospital in Germany.
[00:31.49]1850年她三十岁的时候，她父母终于接受了她的抉择。她这才得以到德意志的一所医院里学习。
[00:37.96]Then she was in charge of a nursing-home for women in London.
[00:40.36]后来她在伦敦负责一家妇女护理院。
[00:42.76]Soon she was asked to go to the Crimea to take charge of the wounded soldiers.
[00:46.55]不久就被派到克里米亚照顾伤员。
[00:50.34]The conditions in the Crimean hospital were terrible.Forty per cent of the patients died.
[00:54.56]克里米亚医院的条件非常糟糕。百分之四十的病人在医院里死去。
[00:58.78]Certain beds seemed fatal:soldiers died in them after two days.
[01:02.62]有些床位似乎是致命的：士兵的在床上呆两天就死去。
[01:06.46]Nightingale decided that this was because of bad drains,and insisted that the government do something about it.
[01:10.67]南丁格尔认为是由于恶劣的排污状况引起的。她主张政府要设法改变这种状况。
[01:14.89]Workmen put in a proper drainage system and supplied pure drinking water.
[01:17.82]工人安装了合适的排水装置，提供纯净的饮用水。
[01:20.74]The death rate dropped to two per cent.On her return to England people greeted Florence Nightingale as a heroine.
[01:25.60]死亡率下降到百分之二。当她返回英国时，人们把弗罗伦斯·南丁格尔作为女英雄来欢迎。
[01:30.46]She was an important force in the movement to reform hospitals and nursing in England.
[01:33.90]她是英国医院改革及护理运动中一个重要的推动力。
[01:37.33]By 1900 unsafe hospitals and ignorant nurses were things of the past.
[01:40.69]到1900年，不保险的医院与无知识的护士都不存在了。
[01:44.05]AFTER THE TEST
[01:45.93]How did you do in yesterday’s test?
[01:49.71]Not very well,I’m afraid.I made a mistake in grammar and two spelling mistakes.I wasn’t careful enough.
[01:58.75]We all make mistakes.But we can learn from our mistakes,can’t we?
[02:04.60]How did you do?Did you get everything right?
[02:08.65]I didn’t make any mistakes,but my handwriting was poor.My teacher told me to pay more attention to that.
[02:18.29]THE SAHARA
[02:19.23]撒哈拉沙漠
[02:20.17]The Sahara is the largest desert in the world,1,000 miles from north to south and 3,000 miles from east to west.
[02:26.39]撒哈拉是世界上最大的沙漠，南北长100英里，东西长3000英里。
[02:32.61]But you mustn’t think of it as a "sea of sand".
[02:35.40]不过你可别以为它是一片"沙的海洋"。
[02:38.20]There are plains of hard sands and plateaus with driep-up watercourses,the there are mountain ranges.
[02:42.76]这里有平坦的戈壁滩，有水道干涸了的高原，还有连绵不断的山岭。
[02:47.31]Most of the Sahara receives almost no rain at all,and so there are no trees,no flowers,no grass.
[02:52.17]撒哈拉大部分地区终年没有什么雨水，不生树木，不长花草。
[02:57.03]But there are places with plenty of underground water.
[02:59.49]不过有些地方地下水丰富。
[03:01.94]Where underground water comes to the surface,there are oases.
[03:04.91]地下水涌出的地方，就是片片绿洲。
[03:07.87]There you will find lots of date-palms,and people also grow millet and vegetables.
[03:12.00]这里可以看到许多椰枣树，人们栽种小米和各种蔬菜。
[03:16.13]There the tired traveller takes a rest under the shady trees and has a good drink of its clear well water.
[03:21.38]疲乏的旅游者可以在荫凉的树下休息，畅饮清澈的井水。
[03:26.63]The Sahara has a very important mineral-oil.This makes the Sahara rich and important.
[03:31.32]撒哈拉沙漠还蕴藏一种十分重要的矿产----石油----撒哈拉因此变得富饶，也变得重要了。
[03:36.01]rich
[03:37.13]富有的
[03:38.25]pretty
[03:39.79]美丽的
[03:41.34]marry
[03:43.10]结婚
[03:44.86]boring
[03:46.49]使人厌倦的
[03:48.13]accept
[03:49.50]接受
[03:50.87]decision
[03:52.50]决定
[03:54.14]Germany
[03:55.17]德国
[03:56.20]charge
[03:57.53]负责
[03:58.86]in charge of
[04:00.37]负责……
[04:01.87]Crimea
[04:03.07]克里米亚
[04:04.27]wounded
[04:06.47]受伤的
[04:08.66]soldier
[04:09.78]士兵
[04:10.91]condition
[04:12.75]条件
[04:14.59]terrible
[04:16.09]可怕的
[04:17.59]patient
[04:19.23]病人
[04:20.86]fatal
[04:22.28]致命的
[04:23.71]drain
[04:25.34]排水
[04:26.97]insist
[04:28.70]坚持认为
[04:30.42]government
[04:31.88]政府
[04:33.35]proper
[04:34.25]适当的
[04:35.15]drainage
[04:36.74]排水
[04:38.33]system
[04:39.71]系统
[04:41.08]supply
[04:42.32]供给
[04:43.56]pure
[04:45.28]纯净的
[04:47.01]drink
[04:48.51]喝
[04:50.01]death
[04:51.38]死亡
[04:52.75]rate
[04:54.35]率，比率
[04:55.94]drop
[04:57.40]降低
[04:58.87]greet
[05:00.16]接
[05:01.45]heroine
[05:02.88]女英雄
[05:04.30]force
[05:05.89]力量
[05:07.49]reform
[05:09.21]改革
[05:10.94]unsafe
[05:12.80]危险的
[05:14.67]ignorant
[05:16.47]无知的
[05:18.28]test
[05:19.61]测验
[05:20.94]well
[05:22.08]好
[05:23.21]mistake
[05:25.02]错误
[05:26.82]spelling
[05:28.41]拼法
[05:30.00]careful
[05:31.64]细心
[05:33.27]enough
[05:34.34]足够
[05:35.41]better
[05:36.31]较好
[05:37.21]than
[05:38.68]比
[05:40.14]before
[05:41.77]在…前
[05:43.41]progress
[05:44.78]进步
[05:46.15]to make progress
[05:48.55]有进步
[05:50.96]right
[05:52.42]正确的
[05:53.88]handwriting
[05:55.38]书法
[05:56.88]poor
[05:58.05]差
[05:59.21]attention
[06:01.10]注意
[06:03.00]to pay attention (to)
[06:05.62]注意
