[00:00.00]Lesson 31

[00:01.54]第三十一课

[00:03.08]CHALLENGES

[00:04.48]挑战

[00:05.88]Human beings enjoy challenges.Many of them like physical challenges.

[00:09.10]人类愿意接受挑战。很多人喜爱体力上的挑战。

[00:12.33]They ask themselves questions like this:How fast can I run?How high can I climb?How deep can I dive?

[00:16.95]他们自问诸如此类的问题：我能跑多快?我能登多高?我能潜多深?

[00:21.58]How far can I swim?How long can I hold my breath?How much can I lift?How high can I jump?

[00:27.36]我能游多远?我能屏息呆多长时间?我能举起多重的东西?我能跳多高?

[00:33.15]Because people enjoy challenges,they like to play sports and watch other people play sports.

[00:36.74]因为喜欢挑战，他们就喜爱体育运动，喜欢观看他人比赛。

[00:40.33]They like climbing,running,diving,swimming,lifting,jumping,and so on.

[00:45.61]他们喜欢登山，赛跑，潜水，游泳，举重及跳高等。

[00:50.89]Every four years,millions of people all over the world enjoy the international sports competition called the Olympics.

[00:55.29]每四年世界上千百万人就欣赏一次被称为奥林匹克的世界性大赛。

[00:59.69]People also enjoy the excitement of climbing mountains or of riding in a boat on a river that is moving very quickly or of racing in a car around a track.

[01:06.30]从登山中、从在湍急的河流里扬帆荡桨中、从竞技的车赛中人们获得刺激。

[01:12.91]Why do people enjoy these challenges?There are probably many reasons.

[01:15.94]人们为什么从挑战中得到乐趣呢?可能有许多原因。

[01:18.97]One is curiosity.Another is the personal feeling of success,of achievement.

[01:22.19]一是好奇，另一个是出于个人的成功感，成就感。

[01:25.42]And nowadays,for some people,it is a business.

[01:27.77]而现在对某些人来说确成了买卖。

[01:30.12]There are challenges that are not physical challenges.There are social and intellectual challenges,too.

[01:33.57]有些挑战并不是针对体力的，还有社会上的和智能方面的。

[01:37.02]Leonardo Da Vinci,who lived in Italy during the fifteenth century,enjoyed every possible challenge.

[01:41.05]里奥纳多·达·芬奇生活在十五世纪的意大利。他喜欢各种可能的挑战。

[01:45.09]He was an artist and painted the well-known picture,the Mona Lisa.

[01:48.03]他是一名艺术家，画出了著名的油画“蒙娜丽莎”。

[01:50.97]He was inventor who invented a device to let people breathe under water.He was a scientist,and he learned a great deal about human anatomy.

[01:56.90]他是一个发明家，他发明了让人在水下呼吸的装置。他是一位科学家，他对人体解剖学也颇有研究。

[02:02.83]Another kind of challenge faced the Egyptians between 4,000 and 5,000 years ago when they decided to build the first Pyramid.

[02:08.47]四千到五千年之前，埃及人建造第一座金字塔时面临着另外一种挑战。

[02:14.11]People are not sure why they built this pyramid,but it must have been important.

[02:17.12]现在人们不能肯定他们建造这一金字塔的原因，但在当时一定是很重要的。

[02:20.12]They used six million tons of rock.Four hundred thousand men worked for twenty years to build it.

[02:24.30]他们共用了六百万吨石头。四十万人花二十年时间建成了这座金字塔。

[02:28.48]So,for thousands of years,people have accepted challenges.Today we still have many challenges before us.

[02:33.13]因此千万年来人们一直在接受着挑战。今天我们面临着许多挑战。

[02:37.78]Medical science faces the challenge of conquering the many diseases which still attack human beings.

[02:41.74]医学界面临着征服侵害人体多种疾病的挑战。

[02:45.69]Engineers and planners must build new cities and new kinds of transportation.

[02:49.22]工程师与设计师必须建设出新型的城市，建造出新型的交通工具。

[02:52.75]Scientists must develop new forms of energy.And many of us are interested in the challenge of space.We live in an age of challenges.

[02:59.71]科学家必须开发出新型能源。我们很多人都对来自太空的挑战深感兴趣。我们生活在一个充满挑战的时代。

[03:06.67]IN THE NEIGHBOUR’S

[03:10.48]Oscar Crane:Oh,good evening,Mrs Rice.What can I do for you?

[03:16.08]Sonia Rice:Didn’t you say you were leaving on another trip in the morning?

[03:20.18]Oscar Crane:Yes,up through Central America.

[03:23.26]Sonia Rice:I just stopped by to remind you to leave a key for me.

[03:27.67]Oscar Crane:Oh,that’s right.I almost forgot about it.It’s very good of you to keep an eye on the house when I’m away.

[03:35.48]A ROSE IS PINK

[03:37.99]What is pink?A rose is pink.

[03:40.89]By the fountain’s brink.

[03:43.11]What is blue?The sky is blue.

[03:46.19]Where the clouds float thro.

[03:48.81]What is white?A swan is white.

[03:52.49]Sailing in the ligh

[03:55.00]What is yellow?Pears are yello

[03:58.58]Rich,ripe and mello

[04:01.19]What is green?The grass is gree

[04:04.48]With small flowers betwee

[04:07.67]What is orange?Why,an orang

[04:11.35]Just an orang

[04:13.86]A TALE FROM INDIA

[04:15.31]印度传说

[04:16.76]Once upon a time an elephant and a monkey had a quarrel.

[04:19.38]从前，一只大象和一只猴子吵起架来。

[04:22.01]The elephant was proud because he was so strong."Look how big and strong I am!"he said."I can pull a tree down,can you?"

[04:28.11]大象对自己的强壮颇为得意。"瞧瞧我有多粗、多壮!"他说，"我能把大树板倒，你行吗?"

[04:34.21]Now the monkey was proud because he was so quick."Look how fast I can run and climb!"he said."Can you climb a tree?"

[04:38.70]猴子呢，为自己的敏捷感到骄傲。"瞧瞧我跑得多快，爬得多利索!"他说，"你会爬树吗?"

[04:43.19]At last they went to a wise old owl."We cannot agree,"they said."Tell us what you think about it.Which is better-to be strong,or to be quick?"

[04:49.96]后来他们去找一只聪明的老猫头鹰。"我们争执不下，"他们说，"请告诉我们您是怎么想的，哪个更好--是强壮还是敏捷?"

[04:56.72]The owl said to them,"Do just as I tell you,and then I shall find out which is better.Do you see that great fruit tree across the river?Go and pick the fruit and bring it to me."

[05:04.12]猫头鹰对他们说："按我说的去做吧，我会看出哪个更好。看见河对岸那棵大果树了吗?采些果子来交给我。"

[05:11.51]So the elephant and the monkey went to the river,but the water was swift and the monkey was afraid.

[05:15.79]大象和猴子来到河边，可是水流很急，猴子害怕了。

[05:20.08]"Get on my back,"said the elephant proudly."I shall carry you.I am big and strong,and I am not afraid to swim across a swift river."

[05:25.13]"爬到我背上吧，"大象骄傲地说，"我把你背过河去。我又粗又状，才不怕水深流急呢。"

[05:30.19]Soon they got to the other bank.There stood the tree.It was so tall that the fruit hung high above them.

[05:34.71]很快他们就到了对岸，果树高高地立在那儿，果子在他们头顶上方悬挂着。

[05:39.23]The elephant tried to break the tree down,but it was too strong.

[05:42.03]大象试图把树板倒，可是树太结实，板不动;

[05:44.84]He tried to reach the fruit with his trunk,but it was too high.

[05:47.53]他又试着用鼻子去够那些果子，可是果子太高，够不着。

[05:50.22]"Wait a minute,I can climb,"said the monkey proudly.

[05:52.55]"等一等，我会上树，"猴子骄傲地说。

[05:54.87]He ran quickly up the tree,and threw the rich,ripe fruit to the ground.The elephant put it in his big mouth.

[05:59.69]他很快爬到树上，把那些熟透了的果子往下扔，大象把果子都装进自己的大嘴里。

[06:04.51]Then they crossed the river again,and gave the owl some of the fruit they had picked.

[06:07.28]然后他们又渡过河，把采摘的果子分一些给猫头鹰。

[06:10.05]"Now,"they said,"which is better--to be strong,or to be quick?"

[06:13.25]"现在说吧，"他们说，"哪个更好----是强壮还是敏捷?"

[06:16.45]"Can anyone tell which is better?"asked the owl.

[06:18.29]"谁能说出哪个更好吗?"猫头鹰问。

[06:20.13]"Neither of you could get the fruit alone.It took both the elephant’s strength and the monkey’s quickness to get it."

[06:23.73]"你俩自个儿谁也摘不到水果。只有大象的强壮和猴子的敏捷加起来才能办得到。"

[06:27.32]human

[06:29.08]人的

[06:30.84]being

[06:32.54]生命

[06:34.24]enjoy

[06:36.00]喜爱

[06:37.77]challenge

[06:39.24]挑战

[06:40.72]dive

[06:41.97]潜水

[06:43.23]lift

[06:45.72]举起

[06:48.22]international

[06:49.61]国际

[06:51.01]competition

[06:53.14]竞争

[06:55.27]Olympics

[06:57.76]奥林匹克世界运动大会

[07:00.26]million

[07:02.16]百万

[07:04.07]excitement

[07:05.84]兴奋

[07:07.60]ride

[07:09.51]骑

[07:11.41]race

[07:12.89]比赛

[07:14.36]probably

[07:16.27]很可能地

[07:18.18]curiosity

[07:20.53]好奇心

[07:22.88]personal

[07:24.64]个人的

[07:26.41]achievement

[07:28.17]成绩

[07:29.93]intellectual

[07:31.77]智力的

[07:33.62]Leonardo Da Vinci

[07:35.82]利奥纳多·达芬奇

[07:38.03]paint

[07:39.87]画

[07:41.71]Mona Lisa

[07:43.41]蒙娜丽莎

[07:45.11]inventor

[07:47.10]发明者

[07:49.08]device

[07:50.84]装置

[07:52.61]anatomy

[07:54.59]解剖

[07:56.58]Egyptian

[07:58.56]埃及人

[08:00.55]pyramid

[08:03.12]金字塔

[08:05.69]rock

[08:06.95]石头

[08:08.20]accept

[08:09.74]接受

[08:11.28]medical

[08:13.35]医学的

[08:15.41]disease

[08:17.11]疾病

[08:18.81]energy

[08:20.51]能量

[08:22.20]space

[08:23.97]太空

[08:25.73]Sonia Rice

[08:28.23]索尼娅·莱斯

[08:30.72]Oscar Crane

[08:32.93]奥斯伽·克兰

[08:35.13]Central America

[08:37.26]中美洲

[08:39.39]remind

[08:41.60]提醒

[08:43.81]keep an eye on

[08:46.38]照看