[00:00.00]CHAPTER THREE
[00:-1.00]Reading page 39 to 40
[00:-2.00]Young and Green Magazine.
[00:-3.00]Continuing our series on endangered animals,
[00:-4.00]this month we talk to Professor Penny Sanders to...
[00:-5.00]GET THE FACTS ON WOLVES
[00:-6.00]1.Where do they live?
[00:-7.00]Wolves live in the northern half of the world,on three continents:
[00:-8.00]Europe,Asia and North America.
[00:-9.00]They are very adaptable:
[00:10.00]they can live in forests,on open plains,or in the snows of the Arctic
[00:11.00]2.What are they like?
[00:12.00]They resemble big dogs,with long legs, a wide head and thick fur.
[00:13.00]In fact,all of our domestic dogs probably came from wolves,many years ago
[00:14.00]They are about 1.5 to 2 metres long,
[00:15.00]and are about three-quarters of a metre in height.
[00:16.00]Provided that a wolf gets enough food,it will weigh about 40-50 kilograms
[00:17.00]3.What do they eat?
[00:18.00]Wolves usually eat small mammals such as mice,rabbits and deer.
[00:19.00]But they also hunt together to try to kill bigger animals
[00:20.00]such as moose and musk oxen.
[00:21.00]If they catch and kill a big animal,they eat as much as they can.
[00:22.00]Then they may not eat for up to two weeks.
[00:23.00]4,What is their family life like?
[00:24.00]There are about 6-8 wolves in a pack.
[00:25.00]Only one pair of wolves will produce cubs,
[00:26.00]but all the members of the pack will help to feed and look after the cubs
[00:27.00]If any danger threatens the cubs,the whole pack will protect the youngsters
[00:28.00]5.Are they dangerous to people?
[00:29.00]The wolf has a reputation as a fierce animal,
[00:30.00]and in many stories and films it attacks people.
[00:31.00]However,the truth is different.
[00:32.00]There is no proof that a wild wolf has ever harmed a human being.
[00:33.00]If you were in a forest and saw a wolf,it would run away from you.
[00:34.00]6.Are they in danger from people?
[00:35.00]Yes,very much so.
[00:36.00]Wherever people have spread in the world,they have killed wolves,
[00:37.00]usually to protect their own animals such as sheep and cattle.
[00:38.00]As a result,the numbers of wolves have been greatly reduced.
[00:39.00]They are extinct in many countries.
[00:40.00]In Britain, for example,wolves became extinct in about 1650.
[00:41.00]Similarly,there used to be many thousands of wolves in America.
[00:42.00]Now there are fewer than 2,000.
[00:43.00]If people had not come to America,
[00:44.00]wolves would not have disappeared.
[00:45.00]7.What is being done to help them?
[00:46.00]If we do not stop killing wolves,they will soon be extinct everywhere.
[00:47.00]People started to realize this 20 or 30 years ago,
[00:48.00]and slowly started programmes to protect wolves.
[00:49.00]In many European countries,the killing has now ceased,and wolves are protected by law
[00:50.00]In Germany, for instance,where there are now very few wolves,a campaign has started
[00:51.00]It has several objectives.
[00:52.00]One is to get better publicity for the wolf.
[00:53.00]If more people learn the truth about wolves,
[00:54.00]they won't hate wolves and won't want to kill them.
[00:55.00]Another aim is to preserve areas of the countryside in which wolves can live
[00:56.00]This would also be good for many other forms of wildlife.
[00:57.00]A third objective is to work out practical ways in which people
[00:58.00]and wolves can live together.
[00:59.00]Wolves cannot manage on their own.
[-1:00.00]Unless we help them in positive ways,they will disappear for ever.
[-1:-1.00]LISTENING SKILLS
[-1:-2.00]Page 43 to 44
[-1:-3.00]Working with numbers
[-1:-4.00]Listen carefully for words and phrases such as chese:
[-1:-5.00]SPEAKING
[-1:-6.00]page 50
[-1:-7.00]A.Contrastive tress Sometimes we give extra stress to a wolf
[-1:-8.00] if we are disagreeing with what someone has said.
[-1:-9.00]FRANK:I gave your note to Danny,Sandra.
[-1:10.00]AANDRA:You gave it to Danny?
[-1:11.00]The note was for Joe, not Danny!
[-1:12.00]We don't usually stress the little function words
[-1:13.00](prepositions, articles,pronouns,etc.),
[-1:14.00]but sometimes we can stress any word if we have a special reason.
[-1:15.00]CUSTOMER:This food is terrible!I want to speak to the manager!
[-1:16.00]I'm going to speak to him right now!Is he in his office?
[-1:17.00]WAITER:Yes,she is in her office.
[-1:18.00]1.CHRIS:I think this plan would be good for the wildlife.
[-1:19.00]JOE:I disagree.I think it would be bad for the wildlife,not good.
[-1:20.00]2.FRANY:Was Joe working when you saw him?
[-1:21.00]SANDRA:No,he wasn't working.He was sleeping on the sofa.
[-1:22.00]3,CHRIS:I've looked in the wardrobe,but I can't find my old shoes.
[-1:23.00]MUM:They're not in the wardrobe,they're on the wardrobe.
[-1:24.00]4.POLICEMAN:So,the robber had a blue T-shirt and green trousers?
[-1:25.00]WITNESS:No,he had a green T-shirt and blue trousers.
[-1:26.00]POLICEMAN:And he had a gold ring and he was rather fat?
[-1:27.00]WITNESS:No,he had a gold ear-ring and he was rather fast.
[-1:28.00]POLICEMAN:And he had a wash?
[-1:29.00]WITNESS:No,he had a watch!
[-1:30.00]POLICEMAN:I see.And he stole thirty dollars and a cheap painting?
[-1:31.00]WITNESS:No,he stole thirty thousand dollars and a valuable painting.
[-1:32.00]MID-TERM PROGRESS FILE
[-1:33.00]A.Listening page 54
[-1:34.00]A1.Listen to the questions about these tables
[-1:35.00]and write short answers in the spaces provided.
[-1:36.00]A2.Listen to the conversation on the recording between a.......
