语新难词英译
教程:笔译技巧与经验  浏览:275  
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    摘要:时代飞速发展,汉语新难词不断涌现,翻译时颇难下笔,还有一些政策性很强的词句,翻译时颇费斟酌。故而,中国译协中译外委员会(由来自外交部、中央编译局、中国外交局、新华社、中国国际广播电台、中国日报社的专家学者组成)定期组织研讨会议,讨论并规范目前外宣工作中的汉语新难词,向社会公布,以正视听。以下选摘部分(均已注明出处,以显有据可稽)。

    经济词汇

    保险业 the insurance industry

    保证重点指出 ensure funding for priority areas

    补发拖欠的养老金 clear up pension payments in arrears

    不良贷款 non-performing loan

    层层转包和违法分包 mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting

    城乡信用社 credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas

    城镇居民最低生活保障 a minimum standard of living for city residents

    城镇职工医疗保障制度 the system of medical insurance for urban workers

    出口信贷 export credit

    贷款质量 loan quality

    贷款质量五级分类办法 the five-category assets classification for bank loans

    防范和化解金融风险 take precautions against and reduce financial risks

    防洪工程 flood-prevention project

    非法外汇交易 illegal foreign exchange transaction

    非贸易收汇 foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels

    非银行金融机构 non-bank financial institutions

    费改税 transform administrative fees into taxes

    跟踪审计 foolow-up auditing

    工程监理制度 the monitoring system for projects

    国有资产安全 the safety of state-owned assets

    过度开垦 excess reclamation

    合同管理制度 the contract system for governing projects

    积极的财政政策 pro-active fiscal policy

    基本生活费 basic allowance

    解除劳动关系 sever labor relation

    金融监管责任制 the responsibility system for financial supervision

    经济安全 economic security

    靠扩大财政赤字搞建设 to increase the deficit to spend more on development

    扩大国内需求 the expansion of domestic demand

    拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth

    粮食仓库 grain depot

    粮食收购企业 grain collection and storage enterprise

    粮食收购资金实行封闭运行 closed operation of grain purchase funds

    粮食销售市场 grain sales market

    劣质工程 shoddy engineering

    乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款 arbitrary charges,fund-raising,quotas and fines

    骗汇、逃汇、套汇 obtain foreign currency under false pretenses, not turn over foreign owed to the government and illegal arbitrage

    融资渠道 financing channels

    商业信贷原则 the principles for commercial credit

    社会保险机构 social security institution

    失业保险金 unemployment insurance benefits

    偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税 tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal to pay taxes

    外汇收支 foreign exchange revenue and spending

    以上摘自《中国翻译》2000年第二期

    安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents

    信息化 information-based; informationization

    智力密集型  concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive

    外资企业  overseas-funded enterprises

    下岗职工 laid-off workers

    分流 reposition of redundant personnel

    三角债 chain debts

    素质教育 education for all-round development

    豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects

    社会治安情况 law-and-order situation

    民族国家 nation state

    以上选摘自《中国翻译》2000年第一期

    “台独” "independence of Taiwan"

    台湾当局 Taiwan authorities

    台湾同胞 Taiwan compatriots

    台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory.

    西部大开发 Development of the West Regions

    可持续性发展 sustainable development

    风险投资  risk investment

    通货紧缩  deflation

    扩大内需 to expand domestic demand

    计算机辅助教学  computer-assisted instruction ( CAI )

    网络空间  cyberspace

    虚拟现实 virtual reality

    网民  netizen ( net citizen )

    电脑犯罪 computer crime

    电子商务 the e-business

    网上购物 shopping online

    应试教育  exam-oriented education

    学生减负  to reduce study load
     

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