常见的胃灼热药物，使数百万人面临急性胃病毒感染的风险
Millions of people who take common heartburn drugs could be at risk of a nasty stomach flu, experts have warned.
专家警告说，数百万服用普通胃灼热药的人有可能患上严重的胃流感。
People who took acid-relieving medications, such as Nexium, were 80 percent more likely to get acute gastroenteritis, researchers found.
研究人员发现，服用抗酸药物的人，如耐信，患急性肠胃炎的可能性增加80%。
For a long time these over-the-counter meds, known as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), were considered to be safe, but new research has suggested concerning side-effects.
长期以来，这些被称为质子泵抑制剂(PPIs)的非处方药物被认为是安全的，但新的研究表明其副作用。
Dr. Mina Tadrous, a scientist at Women’s College Hospital (WCH) in Toronto, said: “Very few people need to be on PPIs long term, but people do end up on them chronically.
多伦多女子学院医院(WCH)的科学家米娜·塔图斯博士说:“很少有人需要长期服用口服避孕药，但人们最终会长期服用。”
“And now we’re finding that the drugs are not as safe as we thought. They interact with a bunch of drugs. There are some nutritional concerns. There’s an increased risk of fracture and an increased risk of infection.”
“现在我们发现这些药物并不像我们想象的那么安全。它们与很多药物相互作用。还有一些营养问题。骨折和感染的风险也会增加。”
High risk
高风险
The new study, published in JAMA Network Open, analyzed more than 233,000 people taking PPIs continuously and compared them with nearly 627,000 adults who weren’t taking the drug.
这项发表在《美国医学会杂志》(JAMA)网络版《开放》(Open)上的新研究分析了233,000多名持续服用PPIs的人，并将他们与近627,000名未服用PPIs的成年人进行了比较。
When they looked at the 2015-16 winter virus season, they noted that people who took PPIs, including Nexium, Prevacid, Protonix and Prilosec, all the time were 80 percent more likely to get stomach flu.
当他们研究2015-16年冬季病毒季节时，他们注意到，服用包括埃索美拉唑(Nexium)、维甲酸(Prevacid)、普罗托尼斯(Protonix)和奥美拉唑(Prilosec)在内的质子泵抑制剂(PPIs)的人，患胃流感的可能性要高出80%。
The researchers, led by Ana-Maria Vilcu of Sorbonne University in Paris, said that because heartburn drugs work to reduce acid, it might increase the risk of infection as stomach acid plays a role in keeping viruses at bay.
由巴黎索邦大学的Ana-Maria Vilcu领导的研究人员说，由于胃灼热药物的作用是减少胃酸，它可能会增加感染的风险，因为胃酸在阻止病毒入侵方面起着作用。
Dr Tadrous, who provided editorial as part of the study, said: “If you reduce acids, you change the intestinal flora [the beneficial bacteria in the gut known as the microbiome], making you more susceptible to infections.”
作为研究的一部分提供社论的Tadrous博士说:“如果你减少了酸，你就改变了肠道菌群(肠道中的有益菌群，被称为微生物群)，使你更容易受到感染。”
Study concerns
问题研究
But experts have raised concerns about the validity of the study and say the findings aren’t conclusive.
但专家们对这项研究的有效性表示了担忧，并说这些发现并不具有结论性。
Dr. Arun Swaminath, director of inflammatory bowel disease program, at Lenox Hill Hospital, in New York City, pointed out that the researchers diagnosed someone as having acute gastroenteritis if they received a prescription for medications used to treat it.
纽约市勒诺克斯山医院(Lenox Hill Hospital)炎症性肠病项目主任阿伦·斯瓦米纳特(Arun Swaminath)指出，研究人员如果给患者开了治疗药物的处方，就会诊断他们患有急性肠胃炎。
However, those medications can be used to treat other issues as well.
然而，这些药物也可以用来治疗其他问题。
These include changing the types of food you eat, when you eat and how much you eat.
这包括改变你吃的食物种类，什么时候吃，吃多少。
Those who likely need long-term PPI therapy include people who need to take nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs long-term to help prevent ulcers.
那些可能需要长期PPI治疗的人包括那些需要长期服用非甾体抗炎药来帮助预防溃疡的人。
Also, people with conditions such as severe esophagitis, Barrett oesophagus, idiopathic chronic ulcer, difficult-to-control gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, and some people with bleeding ulcers.
此外，患有严重食管炎、Barrett食管、特发性慢性溃疡、难以控制的胃食管反流病(GERD)、Zollinger-Ellison综合征和一些出血溃疡患者。
