An American cement maker has developed a technology that it says cuts levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) during production.
一家美国水泥制造商开发了一种技术，据称可以在生产过程中降低二氧化碳水平。
The International Energy Agency estimates the cement industry produces about eight percent of the world's total CO2 emissions.
国际能源署估计，水泥行业的二氧化碳排放量约占全球总排放量的8%。
Cement is one of the main materials used to make concrete, the most widely used building material in the world. Cement makes up about 10 to 15 percent of concrete mixtures. Other materials include sand, small rocks, crushed stone and water.
水泥是制造混凝土的主要材料之一，混凝土是世界上使用最广泛的建筑材料。水泥约占混凝土混合物的10%至15%。其他材料包括沙子、小岩石、碎石和水。
Cement accounts for about 88 percent of concrete's CO2 emissions. Under current methods, manufacturing one ton of cement produces nearly one ton of CO2.
水泥约占混凝土二氧化碳排放量的88%。按照目前的方法，生产一吨水泥会产生近一吨二氧化碳。
Cement production involves heating the materials to very high temperatures in a device called a kiln. This part of the process releases CO2. The industry has yet to find an effective replacement for cement in concrete production.
水泥生产需要在窑中把材料加热到很高的温度。这一过程会释放二氧化碳。该行业尚未找到水泥在混凝土生产中的有效替代品。
The California-based cement maker Fortera says it has invented a new method that captures CO2 exhaust coming from the kilns as cement is made. The captured CO2 is turned into a solid substance and is later put back into the process to make more concrete.
总部位于加州的水泥制造商Fortera表示，他们已经发明了一种新方法，可以捕获水泥生产过程中窑炉排放的二氧化碳。捕获的二氧化碳被转化为固体物质，然后再被投入到生产混凝土的过程中。
Fortera's chief executive, Ryan Gilliam, spoke to the Associated Press (AP) about his company's efforts. He said the goal was to develop a less polluting cement production method "that can work really at any plant."
Fortera的首席执行官Ryan Gilliam向美联社(AP)讲述了公司的努力。他说，目标是开发一种污染更少的水泥生产方法，“这种方法可以在任何工厂使用”。
In the beginning, Fortera said its method will reduce CO2 emissions by about 10 percent. The first reduced CO2 product will be produced at a Redding, California plant belonging to cement maker CalPortland. AP reports the product is expected to be available in the first week of May.
一开始，Fortera说他们的方法将减少大约10%的二氧化碳排放量。第一个减少二氧化碳的产品将在加州雷丁的一家属于水泥制造商CalPortland的工厂生产。据美联社报道，该产品预计将于5月的第一周上市。
Fortera says its method is different compared to other low-CO2 cement products. That is because the company's method could be widely built into existing plants.
Fortera表示，它的方法与其他低二氧化碳水泥产品不同。这是因为该公司的方法可以广泛应用于现有的工厂。
Fortera's effort is one of several in the industry that seeks to reduce the possible climate harm of concrete. In the United States, the American Institute of Architects is an industry group for builders. It educates many of the world's top building companies about the dangers of CO2 in concrete.
Fortera的努力是业内寻求减少混凝土可能对气候造成危害的几个努力之一。在美国，美国建筑师协会是建筑商的行业组织。它让许多世界顶级建筑公司了解到混凝土中二氧化碳的危害。
Some governments, including Vancouver, British Columbia, have established building guidelines urging companies to produce lower-CO2 concrete.
包括不列颠哥伦比亚省温哥华市在内的一些政府已经制定了建筑指导方针，敦促企业生产低二氧化碳含量的混凝土。
California passed a law in 2021 that requires the state's Air Resources Board to develop plans for the state's cement industry to reduce its CO2 emissions. The targets seek cuts of 40 percent by 2035 and to reach net zero emissions by 2045. Net zero happens when a city or state removes at least as many emissions as they produce.
加州于2021年通过了一项法律，要求该州的空气资源委员会为该州的水泥行业制定减少二氧化碳排放的计划。目标是到2035年减排40%，到2045年实现净零排放。当一个城市或州消除的排放量至少与其产生的排放量相当时，就会出现净零排放。
The First Movers Coalition is an international organization of more than 90 companies. The group seeks to help establish climate technologies to reduce CO2 emissions. The group announced new policies in 2021 aimed at creating greater demand for low-carbon cement through their market position.
先行者联盟是一个由90多家公司组成的国际组织。该组织寻求帮助建立减少二氧化碳排放的气候技术。该集团于2021年宣布了新政策，旨在通过其市场地位创造对低碳水泥的更大需求。
The same year, 40 of the largest cement and concrete manufacturers agreed to use methods to make lower-CO2 concrete by 2050. Part of the agreement called for the development of new CO2-capturing methods.
同年，40家最大的水泥和混凝土制造商同意在2050年前采用生产低二氧化碳混凝土的方法。协议的一部分要求开发新的二氧化碳捕获方法。
Mike Ireland is the president and chief executive of the Portland Cement Association, the national trade group that represents U.S. cement manufacturers. He told the AP he thinks the U.S. "has to do what it can to be a leader to help other countries" with their cement-producing methods. "But we have to get the rest of the world, particularly the Global South, as they industrialize to leapfrog some of the technologies we have."
迈克·爱尔兰是波特兰水泥协会的总裁兼首席执行官，该协会是代表美国水泥制造商的全国性贸易组织。他告诉美联社，他认为美国“必须尽其所能成为领导者，帮助其他国家”改进水泥生产方法。“但我们必须让世界其他地区，特别是全球南方国家，在工业化进程中超越我们拥有的一些技术。”
Carbon emissions from cement manufacturing are "an existential threat to the world and for our industry," he said.
他说，水泥制造业的碳排放是“对世界和我们行业的生存威胁”。
一家美国水泥制造商开发了一种技术，据称可以在生产过程中降低二氧化碳水平。
The International Energy Agency estimates the cement industry produces about eight percent of the world's total CO2 emissions.
国际能源署估计，水泥行业的二氧化碳排放量约占全球总排放量的8%。
Cement is one of the main materials used to make concrete, the most widely used building material in the world. Cement makes up about 10 to 15 percent of concrete mixtures. Other materials include sand, small rocks, crushed stone and water.
水泥是制造混凝土的主要材料之一，混凝土是世界上使用最广泛的建筑材料。水泥约占混凝土混合物的10%至15%。其他材料包括沙子、小岩石、碎石和水。
Cement accounts for about 88 percent of concrete's CO2 emissions. Under current methods, manufacturing one ton of cement produces nearly one ton of CO2.
水泥约占混凝土二氧化碳排放量的88%。按照目前的方法，生产一吨水泥会产生近一吨二氧化碳。
Cement production involves heating the materials to very high temperatures in a device called a kiln. This part of the process releases CO2. The industry has yet to find an effective replacement for cement in concrete production.
水泥生产需要在窑中把材料加热到很高的温度。这一过程会释放二氧化碳。该行业尚未找到水泥在混凝土生产中的有效替代品。
The California-based cement maker Fortera says it has invented a new method that captures CO2 exhaust coming from the kilns as cement is made. The captured CO2 is turned into a solid substance and is later put back into the process to make more concrete.
总部位于加州的水泥制造商Fortera表示，他们已经发明了一种新方法，可以捕获水泥生产过程中窑炉排放的二氧化碳。捕获的二氧化碳被转化为固体物质，然后再被投入到生产混凝土的过程中。
Fortera's chief executive, Ryan Gilliam, spoke to the Associated Press (AP) about his company's efforts. He said the goal was to develop a less polluting cement production method "that can work really at any plant."
Fortera的首席执行官Ryan Gilliam向美联社(AP)讲述了公司的努力。他说，目标是开发一种污染更少的水泥生产方法，“这种方法可以在任何工厂使用”。
In the beginning, Fortera said its method will reduce CO2 emissions by about 10 percent. The first reduced CO2 product will be produced at a Redding, California plant belonging to cement maker CalPortland. AP reports the product is expected to be available in the first week of May.
一开始，Fortera说他们的方法将减少大约10%的二氧化碳排放量。第一个减少二氧化碳的产品将在加州雷丁的一家属于水泥制造商CalPortland的工厂生产。据美联社报道，该产品预计将于5月的第一周上市。
Fortera says its method is different compared to other low-CO2 cement products. That is because the company's method could be widely built into existing plants.
Fortera表示，它的方法与其他低二氧化碳水泥产品不同。这是因为该公司的方法可以广泛应用于现有的工厂。
Fortera's effort is one of several in the industry that seeks to reduce the possible climate harm of concrete. In the United States, the American Institute of Architects is an industry group for builders. It educates many of the world's top building companies about the dangers of CO2 in concrete.
Fortera的努力是业内寻求减少混凝土可能对气候造成危害的几个努力之一。在美国，美国建筑师协会是建筑商的行业组织。它让许多世界顶级建筑公司了解到混凝土中二氧化碳的危害。
Some governments, including Vancouver, British Columbia, have established building guidelines urging companies to produce lower-CO2 concrete.
包括不列颠哥伦比亚省温哥华市在内的一些政府已经制定了建筑指导方针，敦促企业生产低二氧化碳含量的混凝土。
California passed a law in 2021 that requires the state's Air Resources Board to develop plans for the state's cement industry to reduce its CO2 emissions. The targets seek cuts of 40 percent by 2035 and to reach net zero emissions by 2045. Net zero happens when a city or state removes at least as many emissions as they produce.
加州于2021年通过了一项法律，要求该州的空气资源委员会为该州的水泥行业制定减少二氧化碳排放的计划。目标是到2035年减排40%，到2045年实现净零排放。当一个城市或州消除的排放量至少与其产生的排放量相当时，就会出现净零排放。
The First Movers Coalition is an international organization of more than 90 companies. The group seeks to help establish climate technologies to reduce CO2 emissions. The group announced new policies in 2021 aimed at creating greater demand for low-carbon cement through their market position.
先行者联盟是一个由90多家公司组成的国际组织。该组织寻求帮助建立减少二氧化碳排放的气候技术。该集团于2021年宣布了新政策，旨在通过其市场地位创造对低碳水泥的更大需求。
The same year, 40 of the largest cement and concrete manufacturers agreed to use methods to make lower-CO2 concrete by 2050. Part of the agreement called for the development of new CO2-capturing methods.
同年，40家最大的水泥和混凝土制造商同意在2050年前采用生产低二氧化碳混凝土的方法。协议的一部分要求开发新的二氧化碳捕获方法。
Mike Ireland is the president and chief executive of the Portland Cement Association, the national trade group that represents U.S. cement manufacturers. He told the AP he thinks the U.S. "has to do what it can to be a leader to help other countries" with their cement-producing methods. "But we have to get the rest of the world, particularly the Global South, as they industrialize to leapfrog some of the technologies we have."
迈克·爱尔兰是波特兰水泥协会的总裁兼首席执行官，该协会是代表美国水泥制造商的全国性贸易组织。他告诉美联社，他认为美国“必须尽其所能成为领导者，帮助其他国家”改进水泥生产方法。“但我们必须让世界其他地区，特别是全球南方国家，在工业化进程中超越我们拥有的一些技术。”
Carbon emissions from cement manufacturing are "an existential threat to the world and for our industry," he said.
他说，水泥制造业的碳排放是“对世界和我们行业的生存威胁”。
