622 so,it和that作代词的区别
① so可以代替名词、名词词组或名词性从句,意为“如此,这样”,常放在动词say,tell,do,imagine,hope,expect,guess,believe,fear,think,suppose等后,在be afraid后,也可用替代词so。
A:I think it will rain this afternoon. 我想今天下午要下雨了。
B:I hope so. 我希望这样。
Well,I told you so,didn't I?我不正是这样对你说的吗?
② 口语中,tell,say,do等后,常用it或that代替so。
Don't say that again. 别再那么说了。
He told me that the other day. 他前天那样对我说的。
③ believe,imagine,suppose,think,guess后接so时,变为否定式有两种形式。
I don't believe so. 我相信不是这样。
I believe not.
He doesn't think so. 他认为不是这样。
He thinks not.
提示
但hope后接so时,只有一种否定形式。
A:Do you think she will come?你认为她会来吗?
B:
Yes,I hope so. 是的,我希望她来。
No,I hope not.
不,我不希望她来。
No,I don't hope so.
下文中用so与that的含义不同:
A:John has come out first in the exam. 约翰考试得了第一名。
B:Who says so?谁说的?
A:The teacher. 老师说的。(想知道真实性)
B:Who says that?谁说的?
A:Tom. 汤姆说的。(想知道此话是谁说出来的)