考点3 临近原则

临近原则是指谓语动词的单复数与最近的主语的单复数形式保持一致。

1. 当not only... but（also）..., either... or..., neither... nor..., not... but...等引导并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于靠近谓语动词的主语的单复数

Neither her younger brothers nor she is willing to return.

她和她的弟弟们都不愿意回来。

Not only Tom but also his parents have been tired of telling the story.

不仅汤姆而且他的父母都厌倦了讲述这个故事。

2. 在某些倒装句或倒装结构中，谓语动词的单复数也取决于临近主语的单复数形式

There is a pen and two books on the desk. 桌子上有一支笔和两本书。

There are two books and a pen on the desk. 桌子上有两本书和一支笔。