听力课堂TED音频栏目主要包括TED演讲的音频MP3及中英双语文稿，供各位英语爱好者学习使用。本文主要内容为演讲MP3+双语文稿:以社会服务的形式还贷如何改变社区面貌，希望你会喜欢！

【演讲者及介绍】Angie Murimirwa

作为CAMFED（女性教育运动）的领导者，教育活动家Angie Murimirwa决心消除非洲女学生在寻求教育方面面临的巨大障碍。

【演讲主题】以社会服务的形式还贷如何改变社区面貌

How repaying loans with social service transforms communities

【中英文字幕】

翻译者Huilin Yang 校对者Yolanda Zhang

00:19

Most of you will know about the challenges faced by my beloved continent, Africa. Too many people are poor. Millions of girls don't have access to school. And there aren't enough jobs for the rapidly growing population. Every day, 33,000 new young people join the search for employment. That's 12 million for three million formal jobs. In sub-Saharan Africa, less than one in four young people are likely to get waged or salaried work. The chances of making a secure living are even slimmer for poor and rural young women. They cannot afford an education. And they do not have the same access to wages, loans or land as men. This leaves entire communities trapped in a vicious cycle of poverty, inequality and hopelessness.

接下来你们会了解到， 我深爱的非洲大陆面临着的种种挑战。 贫困人口太多， 数百万的女孩无法上学。 人口高速增长，职位供不应求。 每一天， 都有 3.3 万个新人加入找工作的行列。 1200 万人竞争 300 万个工作岗位。 在撒哈拉以南的非洲， 仅不到四分之一的年轻人 有机会得到带薪工作。 谋生的机会 对于那些贫穷的农村妇女来说 更是十分渺茫。 她们负担不起教育的费用， 也无法像男人一样获得工资、贷款 或土地。 这使整个社区陷入到 一种贫穷、不平等和 绝望的恶性循环中。

01:17

But I'm not here to narrate the doom and gloom, because we also know that a youthful population presents an opportunity to kick-start economic growth and solve global challenges. And in fact, there is a growing movement in Africa, of educated young women, who are stepping up and using the power of their network and a tool we call social interest to uplift communities.

但是我站在这里，不是为了 抱怨现状和传递负面情绪的， 因为我们也知道，年轻群体 代表着拯救经济 和解决世界挑战的机会。 实际上， 非洲有越来越多受过教育的 年轻女性组织或参与了 一项社会运动，并利用她们的网络力量 和我们称之为“社会利益”的工具 来发展社区。

01:45

I'm one of the leaders of the organization behind this movement. An organization that also supported me through school. And I have seen social interest multiply the impact of our work. Social interest is a way to pay back interest on a loan through service, rather than dollars. Sharing time and knowledge through mentoring, academic support, business training to others in need. This means the impact of a loan is felt not by one, but by many.

这项运动背后的组织 由我和其他一些人领导。 这个组织也通过学校对我提供了支持。 同时我也看到，社会利益 扩大了我们工作的影响力。 社会利益是偿还 贷款利息的一种方式—— 通过社会服务来偿还，而非美元。 授业解惑， 提供学术指导， 通过商业培训去帮助 那些有需要的人—— 这意味着信贷模式影响着集体而非个人。

02:22

Through this system, we've been able to help and send more and more girls to school, support them while they are there, help them start businesses and ultimately, lead in their communities -- all while providing funding for the next generation. Social interest can be used to supercharge any movement where the benefits can be paid forward.

通过这样的系统， 我们得以帮助更多的女孩接受教育， 提供在校支持， 创业指导， 最终，在引领社区的同时， 为下一代人储备资金。 社会利益可以被用来 推动任何可以带来利益的运动。

02:46

Let me give you an example. Stumai from rural Tanzania, tragically lost her father when she was just three years old. Leaving a disabled mother to single-handedly raise her and her five siblings. Once Stumai completed primary school, she was about to drop out of school and become one of the 92 percent of girls in sub-Saharan Africa that never finish high school. Instead, she got lucky. She got support from a nonprofit that paid her fees and kept her in school.

我举个例子。 来自坦桑尼亚农村地区的 Stumai， 三岁丧父， 她和五个兄弟姐妹由患有残疾的母亲 一手抚养长大。 Stumai 小学毕业时， 差点就像 撒哈拉以南非洲 92％ 的女孩一样， 没有机会读完高中。 然而，她是幸运的。 她得到了一个非营利组织的资助， 让她得以继续学业。

03:18

But upon graduating high school, she faced a daunting challenge of what's next. She knew she had to start her own business to survive. And to help her mother, who had tried so hard to keep her in school by selling her only assets, a stack of corrugated iron sheets she had been saving in the hope of building a better home for her children. Stumai also knew she wouldn’t get a loan from a traditional bank, which generally considers young, rural women like her, without land or assets, unbankable.

但当她高中毕业时， 又面临了下一轮艰巨的挑战。 她知道她必须通过创业来谋生。 来帮助自己的母亲， 那个为了送她上学 而倾其所有的母亲， 那个存了一堆铁皮， 只为给孩子们一个更好的家的母亲。 Stumai 也知道她无法从银行贷款， 像她这样的年轻农村女性， 没有固定资产，不会有银行提供贷款的。

03:53

Through a special group of lending partners, she secured 350 dollars to start a food shop, selling vegetables, oil, rice, tomatoes, onions and beans. Fellow network members helped to train her on basic business skills, like creating a business plan, working out profits, marketing, keeping business records and the value of savings. And the business took off. She repaid the original loan within eight months, and then borrowed 2,000 dollars to start a motorcycle taxi and courier business.

通过一个特殊的借贷组织， 她拿到了 350 美元， 开了一家食品店， 卖蔬菜，食用油， 米， 番茄，洋葱和豆子。 在资深成员的帮助下， 她提升了基本业务技能， 比如制定业务计划， 计算利润，营销推广， 记录业务 和营收。 她的生意逐渐步入正轨。 她在八个月内还清了原有的债务， 然后又借了 2000 美元， 开始做摩托计程车和快递生意。

04:29

Stumai now owns two motorcycles and employs two people. And she has been able to purchase land and build a house, and the business continues to grow from strength to strength.

Stumai 现在拥有两辆摩托车 和两名员工。 她有能力买地建房了， 与此同时，业务也在不断增长， 生意越来越好。

04:43

Stumai repaid her interest in social interest. She paid social interest by providing mentoring to girls in a local high school. She volunteered weekly as a learner guide, delivering a life skills and well-being curriculum that helps children gain the confidence to ask questions, care for and support each other, learn about health and nutrition, set goals and learn how to achieve them. Stumai says her greatest reward is witnessing the girls she mentors start to believe in themselves and succeeding.

Stumai 用社会利益 偿还了贷款利息—— 她所支付的社会利益 是通过指导当地女高中生来实现的。 她每周自愿进行一次学习辅导， 传递生活技能和福利课程， 来帮助孩子们建立自信， 让她们敢于提出问题， 相互扶持， 了解健康与营养， 建立目标并学习如何实现它们。 Stumai 说她最大的收获是 亲眼目睹了那些被她辅导过的女孩 开始相信自己并且正在走向成功。

05:21

These days, Stumai also trains other learner guides. That's multiplying the number of girls making it through school and into secure livelihoods like she did. Through her business profits, she has been able to support her siblings, three nieces and nephews and other children in her community to go to school. She also regularly supports other network members. For example, a young woman studying for a diploma in community development. In the past two years, Stumai helped her with money for bus fare, for sanitary pads, for soap and encouraged her to keep going. Stumai spends 370 dollars a year supporting the education of others. That's 17 percent of her gross earnings from her motorcycle business. This is the power of social interest.

这些天， Stumai 也开始 培训新的学习指导员们。 这使得越来越多的女生 能够像她一样步入学校， 过上安稳的生活。 通过做生意赚到的钱， 她得以帮助自己的兄弟姐妹， 三个侄子侄女和社区里的其他儿童 进入学校。 她也经常定期帮助其他成员。 例如： 一位年轻女子正在攻读 社区发展专业的文凭。 在过去的两年中， Stumai 为她提供了交通费用、 女性卫生用品和清洁用品， 并鼓励她勇往直前。 Stumai 每年花费 370 美元 来扶持教育事业。 那是她经营摩托车业务毛收入的 17%。 这就是社会利益的力量。

06:18

Stumai's example shows that if you help one girl, not only to go to school, but graduate and start a business, she can in turn make a giant difference in the lives of others and her community. Had Stumai paid back interest on her loan in dollars, her success might have been felt by her and her immediate family, but because she paid interest as social interest, the impact was felt by her mentees, her nieces, nephews, her employees and so many others around her. Stumai is just one example of many.

Stumai 的例子告诉我们， 如果你帮助了一个女孩， 不止是送她进入学校， 甚至帮助她顺利毕业，创业， 作为回馈，她将为社区中 其他人的命运带来巨大的改变。 如果 Stumai 以美元的形式 偿还了贷款利息， 她的成功也许给人感觉 跟她的家庭有关， 但正因为她是用社会利益的形式 偿还了贷款利息， 这种影响得以被传递给她的学员， 她的侄子、侄女，她的员工， 以及她身边的很多人。 Stumai 只是众多例子中的一个。

06:58

Today, we have 7,000 learner guides like Stumai, working across Malawi, Tanzania, Ghana, Zambia and Zimbabwe. And collectively, they've helped children do better in school. The girls we work with are nearly three times less likely to drop out of school, because learner guides make home visits when girls fail to attend school to help them back on track. They also work with communities and district governments to address the challenges children face, including preventing or annulling child marriages, connecting children facing hunger or hardship at home with local support, or running study groups so that children who might be lagging behind in their studies can get supporters and catch up. They act as trusted sisters, friends and guardians.

今天，我们有七千多个 像 Stumai 一样的学习指导员， 她们分布在马拉维、 坦桑尼亚、加纳、赞比亚 和津巴布韦等地工作。 通过她们的共同努力， 孩子们得以在学校里更好的学习， 让这些受到帮助的女孩 辍学的可能性 降低了三倍。 因为学习指导员会在 女孩缺勤的时候进行家访， 帮助她们重返校园。 她们也会跟社区和区域政府合作， 一起解决儿童所面临的挑战， 包括制止或废除童婚， 对饥饿儿童和贫困儿童 进行帮扶， 或组织学习小组， 帮助那些跟不上教学进度的孩子 迎头赶上。 她们是互相信赖的姐妹， 朋友和监护人。

07:53

So far, nearly 6,300 network members have borrowed close to three million dollars, with a repayment rate of those loans at consistently above 95 percent. And our 140,000 members, they have invested their own resources to support and send over 937,000 children to primary and secondary school. Every young woman we work with supports, on average, another three children outside of her immediate family to go to school. All without additional money from us.

至今为止，约 6300 名成员 借了近 300 万美元， 偿还率持续保持在 95％ 以上。 与此同时，我们的 14 万名成员 也投入了自己的资源， 去支持和帮助 超过 93.7 万名儿童进入到中小学。 我们合作过的每一位女性 在直系亲属之外， 平均还支持了 3 个儿童 进入学校。 所有这些行动都没有 跟我们申请额外的资金。

08:36

We are building a powerful force. Gaining ever greater momentum as we open the door for more and more girls to go to school, succeed, lead and in turn, support thousands more. This system, supporting those once excluded to transform their lives and then step up for others, can work for more than girls' education. Of course, you need to get your money back if you lend it. But instead of demanding interest in dollars, can you consider using social interest instead?

我们正打造出一股强大的力量。 随着我们为越来越多的 女孩打开大门， 帮助她们上学、获得成功、 发挥领导作用， 她们也反过来 支持成千上万的女孩， 我们也从中获得了越来越大的动力。 这个系统 帮助着那些曾经游离在 社会边缘的人去改变命运， 然后为他人挺身而出， 其作用远不止停留在女性教育层面。 当然，你需要收回你曾借出的钱。 但是相比用美元计算利息， 你是否可以考虑 用社会利益作为偿付方式？

09:13

For example, could young people pass on the skills they learned in training colleges? Like Michelle, who teaches brickmaking in rural Zimbabwe. Or Louisa, who is training others on climate-smart agriculture in Malawi. Or Fatima in Ghana, who is training women to help deliver babies where expectant mothers might not be able to make it to the local hospital on time.

例如： 年轻人能不能 在技校授人以渔？ 像 Michelle 那样， 在津巴布韦偏远地区教授制砖方法。 或 Louisa, 在马拉维培训人们进行 气候智能型农耕。 又或者像加纳的 Fatima, 教授女性在那些准妈妈 来不及赶到当地医院的时候 如何帮助接生。

09:42

When I was growing up, an elder in my village in rural Zimbabwe once described the challenges I faced in going to school. She said, "Those who harvest many pumpkins often do not have the clay pots to cook them in."

在我小的时候， 我所在的津巴布韦村庄里的一个老人 曾经描述过我在上学时面临的挑战。 她说， “那些收获了很多南瓜的人 通常没有陶锅做饭。”

10:00

(Laughter)

（笑声）

10:02

What she meant was that, although I got the best possible results in my exams when I finished elementary school, my talent was of no value if my family could not afford to pay for me to continue my education. Well, with this system, we are not just providing pots, or making a single meal out of the pumpkins. After all, there are hundreds of seeds in a single pumpkin. We are saving the seeds, planting them and nurturing every one of them. And the result? A virtual cycle of prosperity, equality and hope, led by young women. Because together, we are shaking up the world. Pamoja tunaweza -- that's Swahili for my network motto: "Together we can!"

她想表达的意思是， 当我读完小学， 即使我在所有的考试中 拿到最好的成绩， 如果我的父母付不起 我接下来上学的钱， 我的所学也会毫无价值。 然而，有了这个系统， 我们不止可以提供陶锅， 或用南瓜做一顿饭—— 毕竟， 一个南瓜里有几百颗种子—— 我们还能收集种子， 进行播种， 精心培育每一颗幼苗。 结果是什么呢？ 一个由年轻女性主导的， 处处体现 繁荣、平等和希望的 虚拟循环。 因为团结起来， 我们正在改变世界。 “Pamoja tunaweza”—— 这是斯瓦西里语中 我的座右铭：“众志成城！”

11:00

Thank you.

谢谢大家。

11:01

(Applause)

（掌声）