●状语从句

1．时间状语从句

常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since, till, until。

特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day, the instant, immediately, directly, no sooner... than... , hardly... when… , scarcely... when...。

例句：

I didn't realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.

While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.

The children ran away from the orchard (果园) the moment they saw the guard.

2．地点状语从句

常用引导词：where。

特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere。

例句：

Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.

Wherever you go, you should work hard.

3．原因状语从句

常用引导词：because, since, as。

特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that。

例句：

My friends dislike me because I'm handsome and successful.

The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.

4．目的状语从句

常用引导词：so that, in order that。

特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that, in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that。

例句：

The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.

5．结果状语从句

常用引导词：so... that, so that, such... that。

特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that。

例句：

He got up so early that he caught the first bus.

6．条件状语从句

常用引导词：if, unless。

特殊引导词：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that。

例句：

Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.

7．让步状语从句

常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though。

特殊引导词：as（用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装），while（一般用在句首），no matter, in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever。

例句：

Much as I respect him, I can't agree to his proposal.

No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.

8．比较状语从句

常用引导词：as（同级比较），than（不同程度的比较）。

特殊引导词：the more... the more... ；just as... , so... ；A is to B what/as X is to Y；no... more than；not A so much as B。

例句：

Food is to men what oil is to machine.

9．方式状语从句

常用引导词：as, as if, how。

特殊引导词：the way。

例句：

When in Rome, do as the Roman do.

Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.