北京外国语大学， 北京外语音像出版社 ;
大众英语 Gateway to English Book 2 ;
Lesson One ;
Words and Exressions ;
airport/'ep:t/ n.飞机场 agree/'gri:/vi.同意 ;
ballroom/'b:lrum/ n.舞厅 bowl/bul/n.碗 ;
a bowl of...一碗... carry/'kri/ vt.手拿;手提 ;
championship /'tmpjnip/ n.锦标赛 ;
channel/'tnl/ n.(电视)频道 choice/'tis/ n.选择 ;
choose/tu:z/ vt.& vi.选择 chose/'tuz/(过去式) ;
chosen/'tuzn/ (过去分词) ;
crossfire/'krsfai/ n.交叉火力 (在本课是电影名) ;
duty/'dju:ti/ n.责任;职务 fair/fe/ adj.公平的 ;
fix/fiks/ vt.准备(饭食等) flat/flt/ n.一套房间 ;
(美)aprtment kick/kik/ vt.& vi.踢 ;
let/let/ vt.(表示建议.请求.) let(过去式,过去分词) ;
mind/maind/vi.介意 musical/'mju:zikl/ n.音乐喜剧 ;
nod/nd/vi.点头 nothing/'ni/ n.没有东西;没有什么 ;
OK/'u'kei/ adj&adv.好;行;可以 perhaps/p'hps/ adv.也许;可以 ;
quick/kwik/adj.快的 rather/'ra:/ adv.相当 ;
really/'rili/ adv.真正地；真实的 recently/'ri:sntli/ adv.最近 ;
remark/ri'ma:k/ vt.& vi.谈论,说 review/ri'vju:/n.评论 ;
salad/'sld/n.色拉 (西餐中的一种凉拌菜) scramble/'skrmbl/ vt.炒(蛋) ;
share// vt.&vi.分享;分担 sofa/'suf/ n.沙发 ;
start/sta:t/ vi.&vt.开始 suggest/s'dest/ vt.建议 ;
throw/ru/vt.扔 threw/ru:/(过去式) thrown/run/ (过去分词) ;
toast/tust/ n.烤面包(片);吐司 tray/trei/n.茶盘 ;
violent/'vailnt/ adj.暴力的 Proper Nouns ;
Carolyn/'krlin/ (女人名) Tess/tes/(女人名) ;
TEXT Putting Your Feet Up Test and Carolyn shared a flat. ;
Carolyn was a dentist and Tess worked at the airport. It was Friday evening. ;
"I don't really feel like going out, do you?" asked Carolyn. ;
"No,I'm on duty early tomorrow,"replied Tess. ;
"Let's stay in.Perhaps there's something interesting on the television." ;
"Here.See what's on," suggested Carolyn, throwing her the paper. ;
"I'm going to have a quick shower.Then I'll fix us something to eat.shall I?" ;
"That's not fair.It's my turn,"said Tess. ;
"Never mind. You can do it tomorrow.can't you" ;
Carolyn left the room and Tess kicked off her shoes and put her feet up on the sofa. ;
Half an hour later Carolyn returned carrying a tray with coffee, ;
scrambled eggs on toast and a bowl of salad. ;
Tess looked up from the book that she was reading. ;
"Oh,that looks great," she said. "was there nothing on the television,then?" ;
asked Carolyn. "Yes,We have a choice," smiled Tess." ;
At eight o'clock on Channel 4 there's an old musical in black and white. ;
At 8:15 on Chnnel 2 there's a family new film called ;
Crossire and on Channel 1 at 8:30 they've got the ;
ballroom dancing championships.I don't mind. ;
You got the supper,so you can choose." ;
"Well now,"Carolyn put the tray down on the table and sat down. ;
"Those old musicals are usually rather fun,aren't they?"she remarked ;
"What was the name of that new film? Crossfire,did you say? ;
I read a review of it recently.It's rather violent,isn't it?" ;
"Probably,"agreed Tess "And I don't think we want to watch the ballroom dancing, ;
do we Carolyn continued. ;
"Let's see what the old musical's like, shall we?" ;
"OK,"nodded Tess."it starts in a couple of minutes.I'll turn on the television." ;
Lesson two Words and Expressions ;
above/'bv/ prep.在...之上 above all首先,尤其是 ;
airline/'elain/n. 航线;航空公司 ambition/m'bin/ n.志向,抱负 ;
aunt/a:nt/ n.姨母;姑母; 婶母;伯母;舅母 ;
bright/brait/ adj.聪明的 bus/bs/ n.公共汽车 ;
buy/bai/vt.购买 bought/b:t/ (过去式,过去分词) ;
centrally/'sentrli/ adv.中央地 centrally heated 中央供暖,集中供暖 ;
chilly/'tili/ adj.寒冷的 cruel/krul/ adj.残忍的 ;
dad/dd/n.老爸 draughty/'dra:fti/ adj.通风的 ;
drink/drik/ vt.& vi.喝;饮 drank/drk/(过去式) ;
drunk/drk/(过去分词) exam/ig'zm/n.考试 ;
excellent/'ekslnt/ adj.优秀的 exception /ik'sepn/ n.例外 ;
handle/'hndl/ vt.处理;使用 heat/hi:t/ vt.& vi.加热;供暖 ;
heating/'hi:ti/n. 暖气(装置) hold on 住嘴;别说了 ;
hostess/'hustis/ n.女主人 ;
air hostess 飞机上的女服务员; 空中小姐 ;
jumper/'dmp/ n.套头衫(手织或机织的) mark/ma:k/n.分散 ;
objict/b'dekt/ vi.& vt反对 pilot/'pailt/n.飞行员 ;
Portuguese /p:tju'gi:z/ n.葡萄牙语 ;
secondly/'sekndli/ adv.第二 ;
snow/snu/vi.下雪 survive/s:vaiv/ vi.活下来 ;
thirdly/':dli/ adv.第三 travel/'trvl/ adj.vi.旅行 ;
unfriendly /'n'frendli/ adj.不友好的 woolly/'wuli/adj.羊毛的 ;
Proper Nouns Elisabeth/i'lizb/ (女人名) ;
Los Angles /ls'ndili:z/ 洛衫机(市) ;
Rio de Janeiro (巴西)里约热内卢(市) ;
Siberia/sai'biri/ 西伯利亚(俄国) ;
TEXT So Elisabeth Came to England ;
Elisabeth was nineteen and she lived in Rio de Janeiro. ;
Her father was an airline pilot ;
and it was Elisabeth's ambition to become an air hostess. ;
She was a bright girl and with one exception her exam marks were good. ;
The exception was English. ;
"Look," said her father, "if you want to become an air hostess. ;
you must learn to speak really good English. ;
I'm going to send you to England next February. ;
"Oh,you couldn't be so cruel,Dad,"said Elisabeth. ;
"It snows in England in February and the people are unfriendly ;
and the houses are draughty and.." "Hold on,"said her father." ;
You're exaggerating.In the first place, ;
it doesn't always snow in English in February. ;
I'm not sending you to Siberia Secondly, ;
English people are usually quite kind to foreign visitors,and thirdly, ;
a lot of English houses have central heating these days." ;
"Why can't I go and stay with my uncle in Los Angeles?"asked Elisabeth. ;
"Because your uncle and aunt both speak Portuguese," ;
replied Elisabeth's father."You learnt your English in the United States," ;
objected Elisabeth. "I worked as a waiter,"said her father." ;
I had to get used to speaking English fast,in order to survive." ;
Well,Elisabeth came to English for eight weeks, ;
It did snow and there were times when she felt quite chilly. ;
But she bought herself a thick woolly jumper, ;
the family she stayed with were kind,and their home was centrally heated. ;
Elisabeth got used to drinking tea, ;
travelling on English buses and handing English money. ;
Above all,she got used to speaking English and before long she could understand ;
almost everything that people said to her. ;
Later,when she was an air hostess, ;
and people asked her where she ;
had learnt to speak such excellent English, ;
she used to say:"My father was very cruel.He sent me to English in February ;
Lesson three Words and Expressions ;
add/d/vt.增加 adventure/d'vent/ n.冒险;惊险活动 ;
age/eid/n.年龄 announcer/'nauns/ n.播音员 ;
anthem/'nm/ n.颂歌 the national anthem 国歌 ;
anxious/'ks/ adj.焦急的;渴望的 area/'eri/n.地区 ;
booth/bu:/ n.(隔开的)小间 broad/'br:d/adj. 宽阔的 ;
broadcast/'br:dka:st/ vt.& vi.广播 broadcast或broadcasted (过去式或过去分词) ;
builder/'bild/n. 建筑商 cheer/ti/vi.欢呼 ;
comment/'kmnt/ vi.评论 construct/kn'strkt/ vt.建造 ;
describe/dis'kraib/ vt.描写;叙述 design/di'zain/vt.设计 ;
drive/draiv/ vt.& vi.开车 drove/druv/(过去式) ;
driven(过去分词) Dutch/'dt/ adj.荷兰的 ;
enjoy/in'di/ vt.喜爱;乐趣; exciting/ik'saiti/ adj.兴奋的 ;
exclaim/iks'kleim/ vi.& vt.解释 field/fi:ld/ n.场地 ;
German/'d:mn/ adj.德国的 handshake/'hndeik/ n.握手 ;
huge/hju:d/ adj.巨大的 ;
international /,int'nnl/ adj.国际的 ;
jet/jet/n. 喷气式飞机 mean/mi:n/vt. 表示...的意思 ;
name/neim/vt.给...取名 onto/'ntu/prep 到...之上，向..之上 ;
organist/':gnist/ n.风筝手 pitch/pit/ vt.& vi.(棒球中)投球 ;
pitcher/'pit/n. (棒球中的)投手 ride/raid/vt.乘(车) ;
shout/aut/ vi.& vt.喊叫,高呼 silver/'silv/ adj.银灰色的 ;
single/'sigl/ adj.单个的 sound/saund/vi.听起来 ;
stadium/'steidjm/n. 体育馆 style/stail/n.风格 ;
tract/trkt/n.屋区 Proper Nouns Anaheim/'nhaim/ (地名) ;
Dodger/'dd/ (棒球队名) Fernando Valenzuela (人名) ;
Holland/'hlnd/荷兰 Montreal/,mntri':l/ n.蒙特利尔(市) ;
Moraji/m'ra:di/ n.(男人名) Pete/pi:t/ n.(男人名) ;
the Santa Ana River (美国)圣安娜河 Sweden/'swi:dn/瑞典 ;
TEXT Moraji's American Adventure ;
Peter waited at the Los Angeles International Airport for the huge, ;
silver jet that through Moraji to the United States ;
They greeted each other with broad smiles and warm handshakes. ;
They had not seen one another for four years. ;
They were both seventeen then and they looked a little older now at ;
the age of twenty-one ;
Peter drove the visitor to his home in Anaheim,and Moraji enjoyed riding in his ;
friend's new car,which was made in Sweden. ;
"Anaheim is an interesting name," Moraji commented. ;
"It sounds German." "It is,"Peter said. ;
"It is named for the Santa Ana River,which is Spanish, ;
but the first people to live here were Germans, ;
so they added the world heim,meaning home." ;
Moraji liked the city of Anaheim. ;
He also liked the tract where Pete lived. ;
A tract is an area where all the ;
houses were constructed by the same builder. ;
In Pete's tract the houses were designed like those in ;
Holland,and the style is called Dutch. ;
Moraji was especially anxious to see an American baseball game. ;
That very evening they went to Dodger Stadium to see an exciting game between Los ;
Angeles and Montreat. ;
At the beginning of the game everyone stood while the ;
organist played the national anthems of both Canada and the United States. ;
Pete explained that most of the people in Montreat speak French ;
and that announcers in the broadcasting booths ;
were describing the game not just in English but in French and Spanish. ;
Everyone cheered when the Dodger pitcher came onto the field. ;
"Why are they shouting ,'O1'?"moraji asked. ;
"The pitcher is Fernando Valenzuela," Pete answered. ;
"He just came here from Mexico,and he does not speak English, ;
but already he has become famous, ;
The last four times he pitched ;
the other teams did not score a single time." ;
"How exciting!"Moraji exclaimed."My first day in the United States, ;
and already I'm seeing a famous American baseball pitcher!" ;
Lesson four Words and Expressions ;
accident/'ksidnt/ n.意外事故 bifocal/bai'fukl/ adj.双焦点的 ;
bird/b:d/ n.鸟 bush/bu/n.矮木林 careless/'kelis/ adj.不小心的 ;
constitution /,knsti'tju:n/n. 宪法 ;
cure/kju/n.治疗 dull/dl/adj.愚蠢的 ;
earn/:n/ vt.赚取 explain/iks'plein/vt. 解释 ;
eyeglass/'aigla:s/ n.(通常用复数形式) 眼镜 ;
feeling/'fi:li/ n.感情 fool/fu:l/n.傻瓜 ;
forget/f'get/忘记 forgot(过去式) forgotten或gorgot (过去分词) ;
frequently /'fri:kwntli/ adv.经常地 generation n.一代(人) ;
god/gd/ n.上帝 happily/'hpili/ adv.幸福地 ;
healthy/'heli/ adv.健康地 ;
invent/in'vent/vt.发明 lightning/'laitni/ n.闪电 ;
original /'ridnal/ adj.最早的 ounce/auns/n.盎司 ;
part/pa:t/vt.& vi.分开 particularly /p'tikjulli/ adv.特别地 ;
pass/pa:s/ vt.传递 penny/'peni/n.便士 ;
permanent /'p:mnnt/ adj.永久的;持久的 pound/paund/n.磅 ;
prevention /pri'venn/ n.预防 properly/'prpli/ adv.适当地 ;
protect/pr'tekt/ vt.保护 proverb/'prv:b/ n.谚语 ;
quote/kwut/ vt.& vi.引用 ;
remind/ri'maind/ vt.提醒 reminder/ri'maind/ n.提醒的事.物 ;
repeat/ri'pi:t/ vt.& vi.重复 reply/ri'plai/ vt.回答 ;
rich/rit/ adj.富有的 rise/raiz/ vi.升起;起床 ;
rose/ruz/(过去式) risen/'rizn/ (过去分词) rod/rd/n.杆;棒 ;
save/seiv/vt.节约 saying/'seii/n.格言 signer/'sain/n.签名者 ;
slang/sl/俚语 stove/stuv/n.炉子 trade/treid/vt.交换 ;
weathy/'weli/ adj.富裕的 wisdon/'wizdm/n.智慧 ;
wise/waiz/ adj.聪明地 wisely/'waizli/ adv.聪明地 ;
worm/w:m/n.虫 worth/w:/ adj.值...的 ;
Proper Nouns Benjamin Franklin 本杰明.福兰克林 ;
TEXT American Proverbs ;
Most of the jokes told by comedians are soon forgotten. ;
They are not as permanent as the sayings of wise people ;
sayings that are passed on from generation to generation ;
Known as proverbs, ;
these words of great wisdom provide quick ;
reminders of how to live properly and happily. ;
The Chinese and Spanish languages are particularly rich in proverbs, ;
which form an important part of all languages. ;
In the United States the proverbs written over two hundred years ;
ago by Benjamin Franklin are still being repeated. ;
Benjamin Franklin was one of the original signers of the American Constitution ;
He also invented bifocal eyeglasses to help us see better, ;
the lightning rod to protect our homes and a new kind of stove to keep us warm. ;
When children want to stay up late, their parents quote Benjamin Frankin ;
:"Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy,wealthy, and wise." ;
When the children want to spend their money on candy, ;
parents again quote Franklin:A penny saved is a penny earned." ;
Children are also reminded that"God help them that help themselves," ;
another of Franklin's saying. ;
Proverbs are so much a part of language that ;
the student is wise to study the old expressions as well as the newest ones that ;
we sometimes call "slang".If you hear a person say,"The early bird catches the worm," ;
it may be because someone gets up too late. ;
To the person who does not spend money wisely,someone may say, ;
"A fool and his money are soon parted." ;
If you must go to the doctor because of a careless accident, ;
people may remind you that"An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure." ;
"A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush" ;
is a saying to make us think before we trade what we already have ;
for something we only hope to get. ;
People frequently use proverbs to explain their feelings. ;
If they do not want to travel, they will say,"There's no place like home." ;
If someone wants them to work,they may reply "All work and no play makes jack a dull boy." ;
Lesson Five ;
Words and Expressions ;
beauty/'bju:ti/n.美丽 bring/bri/vt.带来； 使处于某种状态 ;
brought/br:t/ (过去式,过去分词) castle/'ka:sl/ n.城堡 ;
century/'senturi/ n.世纪 chief/ti:f/n.首领 cover/'kv/vt.覆盖 ;
culture/'klt/ n.文化 dirt/d:t/n.泥土 empty/'empti/adj.空的 ;
farmland/'fa:mlnd/ n.农田 faroff/'fa:'(:)f/ adj.遥远的 ;
forgive/f'giv/ vt.原谅;饶恕 forgave/f'geiv/ (过去式) ;
forgiven/f'givn/ (过去分词) govern/'gvn/vt. 统治;管理 ;
highland/'hailnd/ n.高地;高原 hill/hil/ n.小山;丘陵 ;
include/in'klu:d/ vt.包括 incredible/in'credbl/ adj.难以置信的 ;
independent adj.独立的 island/'ailnd/n.岛屿 ;
king/ki/n.国王 lake/leik/n.湖 law/l:/n.法律 ;
million/'miljn/ num.百万 mountain/'mauntin/ n.山 ;
music/'mju:zik/n.音乐 natural/'ntrl/ adj.自然界的 ;
northeast /'n:'i:st/ n.and.adj.东北(的) ;
northern/'n:n/ adj.北部的 ;
oil/il/n.石油;油 parliament /'pa:lmnt/ n.议会 ;
population /,ppju'lein/ 人口 ;
queen/kwi:n/n.王后 railway/'reilwei/ n.铁路 reason/'ri:zn/n.原因 ;
river/'riv/ n.江河 road/rud/n.道路 ;
romantic/ru'mntik/ adj.浪漫的 rule/'ru:l/n.统治 ;
sea/si:/n.海 separate/'seprit/ adj.分离的;独立的; ;
shine/ain/vi.照耀 shone/n/ (过去式;过去分词) ski/ski:/vi.滑雪 ;
southern/'sn/ adj.南部的 succeed/sk'si:d/ vi.成功的 ;
under/'nd/ prep.在下面 valley/'vli/ n.山谷 ;
warlike/'w:laik/ adj.好战的 whisky/'wiski/ adj.威士忌酒 ;
wildness/'waildnist/ n.荒野 Proper Nouns ;
Aberdeen/,b'di:n/ (英国)阿伯丁 Edinburgh (英国)爱丁堡 ;
the Highlands 苏格兰高地 London/'lndn/伦敦 ;
The North Sea北海 Scot苏格兰人 Scotland 苏格兰 Scotsman苏格兰男人 ;
TEXT A Special Way of Life ;
A lot of people think that Scotland is a part of England.But, ;
as any Scotsman will tell you,it certainly is not.In fact, ;
until the eighteenth century Scotland was an independent country, ;
with a parliament of its own. ;
The English had tried many times ;
over many centuries to bring Scotland under their rule. ;
They succeeded at last in 1707,and some Scots have never forgive them. ;
Scotland is now govemed from London, ;
but in some ways it is still a separate nation. ;
It has it own capital city,its own law, ;
and its own stamps It even has a language of its own, ;
spoken now by only a few people in the islands. ;
In some ways southem Scotland is like English, ;
with its good farmland and low green hills. ;
But in central and northem Scotland ("the Highlands") ;
there are high mountains and deep valleys,fast rivers and cold lakes. ;
These days,of course, these are good roads and railways all through Scotland. ;
Aberdeen,the northest city where the oil from the North Sea comes to land, ;
is especially easy to reach. ;
But it can still be quite difficult to travel in the winter ;
when the hills are covered with snow. ;
And it always takes a long time to visit the beautiful ;
but far-off islands on the west coast. ;
One reason why Scotland has stayed so different from England ;
is the wildness of the land. ;
It has always been difficult to get there There are only about five milion Scots, ;
and most of them live in the southem half of the country, ;
but they have kept a special culture and way of life of their own. ;
Their own church. the Church of Scotland is different from the Church of England, ;
They have their own kind of music,their own kind of clothes, ;
and their own kind of food and drink, including their famous whisky. ;
Scotland is a country of incredible natural beauty. ;
It is also very empty.In the highlands the population is small, ;
and it is getting smaller all the time. ;
Perhaps that is why visitors always come back.They enjoy the quiet. ;
empty country after the noise and dirt of the town. ;
They like fishing in the clear rivers, and skiing on the snow-covered mountains. ;
They like visiting romantic castles built ;
by warlike chiefs and tragic kings and queers. ;
There's only one problem.They can never be sure that the sun is going to shine. ;
Lesson Six ;
Words and Expressions ;
away/'wei/ adv.远离,在外 bankrupt/'bkrpt/ adj.破产的 ;
bar/ba:/n.酒吧 barbecue/'ba:bikju:/ n.野外烧烤 ;
barman/'ba:mn/ n.酒吧男侍者 beautifully /'bju:tifuli/adv.美丽地 ;
business/'biznis/ n.商业;生意 cleaner/'kli:n/ n.清洁工 ;
colourful/'klful/ adj.彩色的 cook/kuk/vt.烹调 ;
dirty/'d:ti/adj.肮脏的 finish/'fini/ vt.完成 ;
kill/kil/vt.杀害 mean/mi:n/vt.打算;意欲 ;
meant/ment/ (过去式;过去分词) moussaka/mu:'sa:k/ n.茄子肉饼 ;
move/mu:v/ vi.迁移;搬家 offer/'f/vt.提出; 表示愿意 ;
pleasant/'pleznt/ adj.舒适的 pocket/'pkit/ n.口袋 ;
pub/pb/n.(英)小酒店 publican/'pblikn/ n.(英)小酒店老板 ;
pubmanager /'pb,mnid/ n.(英)小酒店经理 ;
quiet/'kwait/ adj.安静的 ;
rough/r/adj.粗暴的 side/said/n.方面 suburb/'sb:b/n.郊区 ;
tough/t/ adj.强横的 train/train/vt. 训练 ;
vicar/'vik/n.(英) 教区牧师 washing-up n.(餐后碗碟)洗涤 ;
well-known /'wel'num/adj.出名的 Proper Nouns ;
Dave/deiv/ (男人名) Ind Coope/'ind'ku:p/ ;
Mags/mgs/(女人名) Marlborough /'ma:lbr/ ;
Munich/'mju:nik/ (德国)墨尼黑(市) ;
Richmond/'ritmnt/ (地名) Swansea/'swnzi/ (英国)斯旺西(市) ;
Wales/weilz/威尔士 ;
TEXT Dave and Mags at the Marborough ;
Nobody could work harder than Dave and Mags. ;
It just isn't possible. ;
Their day starts at seven forty- five when the cleaner arrives. ;
and it finishes at eleven thirty when the evening's washing-up ;
is done.And it's the same seven days a week 365 days a year.Well, ;
that's not quite true. Last year they found ;
the time to take their children away for a short holiday. ;
Dave and Mags run a pub. ;
They never meant to get into the pub business. ;
Dave started as a builder in Swansea,his home town in Wales. ;
But he business went bankrupt ;
On the first January 1977 he took the train to London. ;
"I"ll get a job. He told his wife, Mags,"or I kill myself ", ;
Mags didn't hear from him for three months. ;
During that time,Dave saw the worst side of London. ;
He walked the streets by day. ;
and slept in a poor hotel at night,sharing a room with six other men. ;
But soon he got a job as a barman in a pub.And a few weeks later, ;
Ind Coope,the company that owned the pub, ;
offered to train him as a publican (a pubmanager). ;
When Dave and Mags got their first pub,they had exactly 23p left in their pockets. ;
The people who came to the pub were rough, tough and difficult. So Dave was rough too. ;
He threw out the difficult customers, ;
and slowly changed the pub into a quieter,friendlier place, ;
The company was very pleased, ;
They offered Dave and Mags the Marlborough,a large old pub in Richmond, ;
one of London's most pleasant suburbs.The pub was in a good place, ;
but it needed a lot of work. ;
Mags moved in at four o'clock one afternoon, ;
and moved out again at four-thirty. ;
It was too dirty for a young family to sleep in. ;
Now,five years later, the beautifully clean bar is full of happy customers. ;
Children play in the colourful garden, ;
where the barbecue is always busy.Dave and Mags are well-known in Richmond. ;
People tell them their problem,and ask their advice. ;
"The vicar and I were talking about our jobs the other day. ;
"Dave said."We agreed that they are the same in some ways. ;
"And it's not only Richmond people who've heard of Dave and Mags. ;
"A man came in here the other day,"said Mags,"who had met a friend in Munich. ;
The friend had said to him,'You're going to London,are you? ;
Well,don't forget to go to the Marlborough in Richmond and ask the ;
lady to cook you her moussaka.'" ;
Lesson Seven ;
Words and Expressions ;
academic/,k'demik/ adj.学术的 actually/'ktjuli/ adv.实际上 ;
believe/bi'li:v/ vt.相信 boarding/'b:di/ adj.供膳宿的 ;
boarding school 寄宿学校 ;
businessman /'biznismn/n.商人 (复数businessmen) ;
clever/'klev/ adj.聪明的 ;
comprehensive /,kmpri'hensiv/ adj.综合的 ;
grammar/'grm/ n.语法 grow/gru/ vi.发展;增长 ;
grew/gru:/(过去式) grown/grun/(过去分词) ;
intelligent /in'telidnt/ adj.聪明的 ;
main/mein/adj.主要的 modern/'mdn/ adj.现代的 ;
percent/p'sent/ n.百分之... practical/'prktikn/ adj.实践的;注重实践的 ;
private/'praivit/ adj.私人的 ;
pronunciation /pr,nnsi'ein/ n.发音;语音 ;
result/ri'zlt/n.结果 scientist/'saintist/ n.科学家 ;
secondary/'sekndri/ adj.第二的,中级的 secondary school 中学 ;
social/'sul/ adj.社会的 status/'steits/ n.地位 ;
subject/'sbdikt/ n.学科;科目 system/'sistm/n.系统 ;
unfair/'n'f/ adj.不公平的 ;
upper/'p/ adj.地位较高的 upper class上层阶级 ;
TEXT Secondary School in Britain ;
Before the 1960s there were two main kinds of state secondary schools in Britain:" ;
grammar"schools and "secondary modern" schools. ;
The garmmar schools were for the most inteligent children ;
and the secondary modern schools were for the ;
"less intelligent" children. ;
Many people felt that this system was unfair. ;
During the 1960s and 1970s the government dicided to join the grammar ;
and secondary modern school.The new,bigger schools were called" ;
comprehensives" ;
More than eighty per cent of the state ;
secondary schools in Britain are now comprehensives. ;
Everyone hoped that comprehensive schools ;
would be the answer to the nation's education problems. ;
They hoped that children would do better ;
if they chose from many different subjects. ;
They believed that the not-so-clever would learn more when ;
working with the clever. ;
They thought that a more practical education would give the country better ;
scientists and businessmen. ;
But not everyone was pleased with the results. ;
The new schools brought new problems. ;
They were big and unfriendly. Some schools soon had a bad name. ;
By the beginning of the 1980s many comprehensive schools were doing better. ;
Both students and teachers were used to the new system and were making it work. ;
But the system is still not really fair. ;
In some areas the comprehensive schools can be very good.But in other areas, ;
especially in the city centres,there are still serious problems. ;
As well as the state schools,there are about 500 private schools in Britain. ;
Most of these are boarding schools,where the children actually live in the school. ;
Private schools are very expensive(up to 9,000 a year). ;
some private schools give a very good academic education. Some do not. ;
But nearly all private schools have good social status. ;
The boys and girls who go to ;
them learn to speak with upper-class pronunciation. ;
They make friends with children from families like their own, ;
and they often find it easier to find a job. ;
Many people feel that this is wrong,but the private schools are still growing. ;
Lesson Eight ;
Words and Expressions ;
allow/'lau/vt.允许 announce/'nauns/ vt.宣布 apart/'pa:t/adv.除去 ;
authority/:'riti/ n.权力;权威 blue/blu:/adj.蓝色的 ;
boot/bu:t/ n.[英](汽车的)行李箱 chat/tt/n.闲谈 clinic/'klinik/n.诊所 ;
coolly/'ku:li/ adv.冷静地;冷淡的 ;
elegant/'elignt/ adj.(举止服饰等)优美 雅致; ;
expect/iks'pekt/ vt.期待;盼望 fill/fil/ vt.装满;充满 ;
forward/'f:wd/ adv.向前 grey/grei/adj.灰色的 ;
ground/graund/ n.场地;庭院 knock/nk/ vi.敲;打 ;
lay/lei/vt.放置 laid/leid/ (过去式;过去分词) ;
leather/'le/ n.皮革 meal/mi:l/n.膳食;一餐 ;
obviously/'bvisli/ adv.明显地 ought/:t/v.aux.应该 park/pa:k/vt.停泊(车辆) ;
permission/p'min/ n.允许 ;
pullover/'pul,auv/ n.套衫 ring/ri/vi.打电话 ;
rang/r/(过去式) rung/r/(过去分词) scale/skeil/n.磅秤 ;
secretary/'sekrtri/ n.秘书 sheet/i:t/n.单 shirt/:t/n.衬衣 ;
slim/slim/adj.苗条的 sock/sk/n.短袜 stand/stnd/vi.站立 ;
stood/stud/ (过去式,过去分词) step/step/n.脚步; vi.步行 ;
strip/strip/ vt.剥去(衣服等) suit/sju:t/ (一套)衣服 ;
suitcase/'sju:tkeis/ n.衣箱 trousers/'trauzz/n. (通常用复数形式)裤子 ;
tulip/'tju:lip/ n.郁金香 ;
underclothes /'nd'kuz/ [通常复数形式]内衣裤 ;
vase/va:z/n.花瓶 weigh/wei/ vt.称...的重量 ;
welcome/'welkm/ interj.欢迎 Proper Nouns ;
Bernstein/'b:nstain/ (姓) Coffey/'kfi/(人名) Mercedes/'m:sidi:z/ (汽车牌名) ;
Tony/'tuni/(男人名) Zimmerman/'zimmn/ (姓) ;
TEXT A Special Clinic ;
It was just four o'clock as Tony drove up and parked his Mercedes ;
at the side of the fine,big house. He locked the car, ;
took his leather suitcase from the boot and went in through the front door. ;
A slim,elegant woman, wearing a white coat, ;
stepped forward to meet him."I"m Mrs Zimmerman,"she announced," ;
You must be Mr Coffy.Welcome.We've been expecting you." ;
"Oh,yes.I asked my secretary to ring." Mrs Zimmerman nodded. ;
"I believe this is your first visit to the clinic." ;
She spoke quietly,but with an air of authority. ;
"I'll show you your room and then you'd better come down to my office for a chat." ;
The room was clean and bright and a white vase filled with ;
yellow tulips stood on a table beside the window. ;
Tony took off his blue suit and put on a green shirt, ;
grey trousers and a yellow pullover. ;
Then he went downstairs and knocked at the door of Mrs Zimmerman's office. ;
She looked up from her desk and smiled at him coolly." ;
Please sit down,"she said."We have a few simple rules here and I'd ;
like to go over them with you."Tony nodded ;
"When you get your diet sheet, ;
you must study it carefully and you mustn't eat or ;
drink anything not on that sheet. ;
Also you mustn't eat anything outside the meal ;
times laid down by the clinic. ;
You obviously need to lose quite a lot of weight, ;
so apart from dieting,you ought to try and take as ;
much exercise as possible." ;
"Presumably we aren't allowed to leave the grounds?"asked Tony. ;
"No,you mustn't leave the grounds without permission from myself or Dr Bernstein," ;
replied Mrs Zimmerman. "Now,I want you to strip down to your underclother, ;
I'm going to weigh you...no,you needn't take off you socks... ;
right,stand on the scales,please..." ;
Lesson Nine ;
Words and Expressions ;
awful/':fl/adj.可怕的 calm/ka:m/ adj.镇静的;沉着的 ;
coldly/'kuldli/ adv.冷淡地 ;
detective/di'tektiv/ n.侦探 door/d,d/n.门 ;
enquire/in'kwai/ vi.询问 ;
examine/ig'zmin/ vt.检查 guilty/'gilti/ adj.内疚的 ;
hardly/'ha:dli/ adv.几乎不,简直不 inform/in'f:m/ vt.告诉,通知 ;
inform sb of sth 把某事告诉某人 kitchen/'kitin/n.厨房 lock/lk/n.锁 ;
missing/'misi/ adj.失去的;失踪的 police/p'li:s/n.警察 ;
polite/p'lait/ adj.礼貌的 pot/pt/n.壶 ;
proper/'prp/ adj.适合的;适当的 realise/'rilaiz/ vt.认识到 ;
relax/ri'lks/ vi.松弛,放松 relieve/ri'li:v/ vt.使宽慰 ;
shut/t/ vt.关上;关闭 shut/t/ (过去式;过去分词) ;
straight/streit/ adv.直接地 straight away 立刻;马上 ;
touch/tt/ vt.触摸,碰到 truth/tru:/ n.真相,实际情况 ;
unfortunately /n'f:tnitli/ adv.不幸的 ;
unwelcome/n'welkm/ adj.不受欢迎的;讨厌的 ;
vague/veig/ adj.含糊的,不明确的 wonder/'wnd/ vt.想知道 ;
Proper Nouns Derek/'derik/(男人名) Louise(女人名) Sybil/'sibil/(女人名) ;
TEXT The Unwelcome Visitor ;
Louise was 72 years old and she lived by herself. ;
The first thing she noticed when she came downstairs that Sunday morning ;
was that her kitchen window was open. ;
In fact it was so wide open that she had trouble shutting it. ;
Then she realised that things were not in their proper places. ;
Finally,when she found her empty purse on the kitchen table, ;
she realised the awful truth.At first she did not know what to do. ;
Then she decided to ring her son,Derek. Derek's wife Sybil answered the phone. ;
"It's your mother," she informed him, coldly. ;
Louise told Derek about the open window, ;
about things being in the wrong place ;
and about the money missing from her purse. ;
"All right,"said Derek, "don't touch anything. I'll be round in half an hour." ;
Louise relaxed and made herself a pot of tea and some toast. ;
Then she went from room to room wondering if anything else was missing. ;
When Derek arrived,he was realieved to find her looking so calm. ;
"Have you rung the police?" he enquired. ;
"No?Then I'll do that straight away." ;
So he rang the police. ;
As it was a Sunday,however,the police were polite,but vague. ;
Unfortunately the only detectives on duty were out. ;
"We'll send someone round as soon as possible," they said. ;
Derek telephoned his wife."I'm not sure when I'll be home, love,he told her. ;
"I've got to wait for the police." ;
While Derek and his mother waited, ;
Derek examined the catches on the windows and the locks on the doors. ;
All of them were old and some of the catches hardly worked at all. ;
Derek felt guilty. ;
His mother was an old woman,after all. ;
"I"ll have to change all these," he told her. ;
大众英语 Gateway to English Book 2 ;
Lesson One ;
Words and Exressions ;
airport/'ep:t/ n.飞机场 agree/'gri:/vi.同意 ;
ballroom/'b:lrum/ n.舞厅 bowl/bul/n.碗 ;
a bowl of...一碗... carry/'kri/ vt.手拿;手提 ;
championship /'tmpjnip/ n.锦标赛 ;
channel/'tnl/ n.(电视)频道 choice/'tis/ n.选择 ;
choose/tu:z/ vt.& vi.选择 chose/'tuz/(过去式) ;
chosen/'tuzn/ (过去分词) ;
crossfire/'krsfai/ n.交叉火力 (在本课是电影名) ;
duty/'dju:ti/ n.责任;职务 fair/fe/ adj.公平的 ;
fix/fiks/ vt.准备(饭食等) flat/flt/ n.一套房间 ;
(美)aprtment kick/kik/ vt.& vi.踢 ;
let/let/ vt.(表示建议.请求.) let(过去式,过去分词) ;
mind/maind/vi.介意 musical/'mju:zikl/ n.音乐喜剧 ;
nod/nd/vi.点头 nothing/'ni/ n.没有东西;没有什么 ;
OK/'u'kei/ adj&adv.好;行;可以 perhaps/p'hps/ adv.也许;可以 ;
quick/kwik/adj.快的 rather/'ra:/ adv.相当 ;
really/'rili/ adv.真正地；真实的 recently/'ri:sntli/ adv.最近 ;
remark/ri'ma:k/ vt.& vi.谈论,说 review/ri'vju:/n.评论 ;
salad/'sld/n.色拉 (西餐中的一种凉拌菜) scramble/'skrmbl/ vt.炒(蛋) ;
share// vt.&vi.分享;分担 sofa/'suf/ n.沙发 ;
start/sta:t/ vi.&vt.开始 suggest/s'dest/ vt.建议 ;
throw/ru/vt.扔 threw/ru:/(过去式) thrown/run/ (过去分词) ;
toast/tust/ n.烤面包(片);吐司 tray/trei/n.茶盘 ;
violent/'vailnt/ adj.暴力的 Proper Nouns ;
Carolyn/'krlin/ (女人名) Tess/tes/(女人名) ;
TEXT Putting Your Feet Up Test and Carolyn shared a flat. ;
Carolyn was a dentist and Tess worked at the airport. It was Friday evening. ;
"I don't really feel like going out, do you?" asked Carolyn. ;
"No,I'm on duty early tomorrow,"replied Tess. ;
"Let's stay in.Perhaps there's something interesting on the television." ;
"Here.See what's on," suggested Carolyn, throwing her the paper. ;
"I'm going to have a quick shower.Then I'll fix us something to eat.shall I?" ;
"That's not fair.It's my turn,"said Tess. ;
"Never mind. You can do it tomorrow.can't you" ;
Carolyn left the room and Tess kicked off her shoes and put her feet up on the sofa. ;
Half an hour later Carolyn returned carrying a tray with coffee, ;
scrambled eggs on toast and a bowl of salad. ;
Tess looked up from the book that she was reading. ;
"Oh,that looks great," she said. "was there nothing on the television,then?" ;
asked Carolyn. "Yes,We have a choice," smiled Tess." ;
At eight o'clock on Channel 4 there's an old musical in black and white. ;
At 8:15 on Chnnel 2 there's a family new film called ;
Crossire and on Channel 1 at 8:30 they've got the ;
ballroom dancing championships.I don't mind. ;
You got the supper,so you can choose." ;
"Well now,"Carolyn put the tray down on the table and sat down. ;
"Those old musicals are usually rather fun,aren't they?"she remarked ;
"What was the name of that new film? Crossfire,did you say? ;
I read a review of it recently.It's rather violent,isn't it?" ;
"Probably,"agreed Tess "And I don't think we want to watch the ballroom dancing, ;
do we Carolyn continued. ;
"Let's see what the old musical's like, shall we?" ;
"OK,"nodded Tess."it starts in a couple of minutes.I'll turn on the television." ;
Lesson two Words and Expressions ;
above/'bv/ prep.在...之上 above all首先,尤其是 ;
airline/'elain/n. 航线;航空公司 ambition/m'bin/ n.志向,抱负 ;
aunt/a:nt/ n.姨母;姑母; 婶母;伯母;舅母 ;
bright/brait/ adj.聪明的 bus/bs/ n.公共汽车 ;
buy/bai/vt.购买 bought/b:t/ (过去式,过去分词) ;
centrally/'sentrli/ adv.中央地 centrally heated 中央供暖,集中供暖 ;
chilly/'tili/ adj.寒冷的 cruel/krul/ adj.残忍的 ;
dad/dd/n.老爸 draughty/'dra:fti/ adj.通风的 ;
drink/drik/ vt.& vi.喝;饮 drank/drk/(过去式) ;
drunk/drk/(过去分词) exam/ig'zm/n.考试 ;
excellent/'ekslnt/ adj.优秀的 exception /ik'sepn/ n.例外 ;
handle/'hndl/ vt.处理;使用 heat/hi:t/ vt.& vi.加热;供暖 ;
heating/'hi:ti/n. 暖气(装置) hold on 住嘴;别说了 ;
hostess/'hustis/ n.女主人 ;
air hostess 飞机上的女服务员; 空中小姐 ;
jumper/'dmp/ n.套头衫(手织或机织的) mark/ma:k/n.分散 ;
objict/b'dekt/ vi.& vt反对 pilot/'pailt/n.飞行员 ;
Portuguese /p:tju'gi:z/ n.葡萄牙语 ;
secondly/'sekndli/ adv.第二 ;
snow/snu/vi.下雪 survive/s:vaiv/ vi.活下来 ;
thirdly/':dli/ adv.第三 travel/'trvl/ adj.vi.旅行 ;
unfriendly /'n'frendli/ adj.不友好的 woolly/'wuli/adj.羊毛的 ;
Proper Nouns Elisabeth/i'lizb/ (女人名) ;
Los Angles /ls'ndili:z/ 洛衫机(市) ;
Rio de Janeiro (巴西)里约热内卢(市) ;
Siberia/sai'biri/ 西伯利亚(俄国) ;
TEXT So Elisabeth Came to England ;
Elisabeth was nineteen and she lived in Rio de Janeiro. ;
Her father was an airline pilot ;
and it was Elisabeth's ambition to become an air hostess. ;
She was a bright girl and with one exception her exam marks were good. ;
The exception was English. ;
"Look," said her father, "if you want to become an air hostess. ;
you must learn to speak really good English. ;
I'm going to send you to England next February. ;
"Oh,you couldn't be so cruel,Dad,"said Elisabeth. ;
"It snows in England in February and the people are unfriendly ;
and the houses are draughty and.." "Hold on,"said her father." ;
You're exaggerating.In the first place, ;
it doesn't always snow in English in February. ;
I'm not sending you to Siberia Secondly, ;
English people are usually quite kind to foreign visitors,and thirdly, ;
a lot of English houses have central heating these days." ;
"Why can't I go and stay with my uncle in Los Angeles?"asked Elisabeth. ;
"Because your uncle and aunt both speak Portuguese," ;
replied Elisabeth's father."You learnt your English in the United States," ;
objected Elisabeth. "I worked as a waiter,"said her father." ;
I had to get used to speaking English fast,in order to survive." ;
Well,Elisabeth came to English for eight weeks, ;
It did snow and there were times when she felt quite chilly. ;
But she bought herself a thick woolly jumper, ;
the family she stayed with were kind,and their home was centrally heated. ;
Elisabeth got used to drinking tea, ;
travelling on English buses and handing English money. ;
Above all,she got used to speaking English and before long she could understand ;
almost everything that people said to her. ;
Later,when she was an air hostess, ;
and people asked her where she ;
had learnt to speak such excellent English, ;
she used to say:"My father was very cruel.He sent me to English in February ;
Lesson three Words and Expressions ;
add/d/vt.增加 adventure/d'vent/ n.冒险;惊险活动 ;
age/eid/n.年龄 announcer/'nauns/ n.播音员 ;
anthem/'nm/ n.颂歌 the national anthem 国歌 ;
anxious/'ks/ adj.焦急的;渴望的 area/'eri/n.地区 ;
booth/bu:/ n.(隔开的)小间 broad/'br:d/adj. 宽阔的 ;
broadcast/'br:dka:st/ vt.& vi.广播 broadcast或broadcasted (过去式或过去分词) ;
builder/'bild/n. 建筑商 cheer/ti/vi.欢呼 ;
comment/'kmnt/ vi.评论 construct/kn'strkt/ vt.建造 ;
describe/dis'kraib/ vt.描写;叙述 design/di'zain/vt.设计 ;
drive/draiv/ vt.& vi.开车 drove/druv/(过去式) ;
driven(过去分词) Dutch/'dt/ adj.荷兰的 ;
enjoy/in'di/ vt.喜爱;乐趣; exciting/ik'saiti/ adj.兴奋的 ;
exclaim/iks'kleim/ vi.& vt.解释 field/fi:ld/ n.场地 ;
German/'d:mn/ adj.德国的 handshake/'hndeik/ n.握手 ;
huge/hju:d/ adj.巨大的 ;
international /,int'nnl/ adj.国际的 ;
jet/jet/n. 喷气式飞机 mean/mi:n/vt. 表示...的意思 ;
name/neim/vt.给...取名 onto/'ntu/prep 到...之上，向..之上 ;
organist/':gnist/ n.风筝手 pitch/pit/ vt.& vi.(棒球中)投球 ;
pitcher/'pit/n. (棒球中的)投手 ride/raid/vt.乘(车) ;
shout/aut/ vi.& vt.喊叫,高呼 silver/'silv/ adj.银灰色的 ;
single/'sigl/ adj.单个的 sound/saund/vi.听起来 ;
stadium/'steidjm/n. 体育馆 style/stail/n.风格 ;
tract/trkt/n.屋区 Proper Nouns Anaheim/'nhaim/ (地名) ;
Dodger/'dd/ (棒球队名) Fernando Valenzuela (人名) ;
Holland/'hlnd/荷兰 Montreal/,mntri':l/ n.蒙特利尔(市) ;
Moraji/m'ra:di/ n.(男人名) Pete/pi:t/ n.(男人名) ;
the Santa Ana River (美国)圣安娜河 Sweden/'swi:dn/瑞典 ;
TEXT Moraji's American Adventure ;
Peter waited at the Los Angeles International Airport for the huge, ;
silver jet that through Moraji to the United States ;
They greeted each other with broad smiles and warm handshakes. ;
They had not seen one another for four years. ;
They were both seventeen then and they looked a little older now at ;
the age of twenty-one ;
Peter drove the visitor to his home in Anaheim,and Moraji enjoyed riding in his ;
friend's new car,which was made in Sweden. ;
"Anaheim is an interesting name," Moraji commented. ;
"It sounds German." "It is,"Peter said. ;
"It is named for the Santa Ana River,which is Spanish, ;
but the first people to live here were Germans, ;
so they added the world heim,meaning home." ;
Moraji liked the city of Anaheim. ;
He also liked the tract where Pete lived. ;
A tract is an area where all the ;
houses were constructed by the same builder. ;
In Pete's tract the houses were designed like those in ;
Holland,and the style is called Dutch. ;
Moraji was especially anxious to see an American baseball game. ;
That very evening they went to Dodger Stadium to see an exciting game between Los ;
Angeles and Montreat. ;
At the beginning of the game everyone stood while the ;
organist played the national anthems of both Canada and the United States. ;
Pete explained that most of the people in Montreat speak French ;
and that announcers in the broadcasting booths ;
were describing the game not just in English but in French and Spanish. ;
Everyone cheered when the Dodger pitcher came onto the field. ;
"Why are they shouting ,'O1'?"moraji asked. ;
"The pitcher is Fernando Valenzuela," Pete answered. ;
"He just came here from Mexico,and he does not speak English, ;
but already he has become famous, ;
The last four times he pitched ;
the other teams did not score a single time." ;
"How exciting!"Moraji exclaimed."My first day in the United States, ;
and already I'm seeing a famous American baseball pitcher!" ;
Lesson four Words and Expressions ;
accident/'ksidnt/ n.意外事故 bifocal/bai'fukl/ adj.双焦点的 ;
bird/b:d/ n.鸟 bush/bu/n.矮木林 careless/'kelis/ adj.不小心的 ;
constitution /,knsti'tju:n/n. 宪法 ;
cure/kju/n.治疗 dull/dl/adj.愚蠢的 ;
earn/:n/ vt.赚取 explain/iks'plein/vt. 解释 ;
eyeglass/'aigla:s/ n.(通常用复数形式) 眼镜 ;
feeling/'fi:li/ n.感情 fool/fu:l/n.傻瓜 ;
forget/f'get/忘记 forgot(过去式) forgotten或gorgot (过去分词) ;
frequently /'fri:kwntli/ adv.经常地 generation n.一代(人) ;
god/gd/ n.上帝 happily/'hpili/ adv.幸福地 ;
healthy/'heli/ adv.健康地 ;
invent/in'vent/vt.发明 lightning/'laitni/ n.闪电 ;
original /'ridnal/ adj.最早的 ounce/auns/n.盎司 ;
part/pa:t/vt.& vi.分开 particularly /p'tikjulli/ adv.特别地 ;
pass/pa:s/ vt.传递 penny/'peni/n.便士 ;
permanent /'p:mnnt/ adj.永久的;持久的 pound/paund/n.磅 ;
prevention /pri'venn/ n.预防 properly/'prpli/ adv.适当地 ;
protect/pr'tekt/ vt.保护 proverb/'prv:b/ n.谚语 ;
quote/kwut/ vt.& vi.引用 ;
remind/ri'maind/ vt.提醒 reminder/ri'maind/ n.提醒的事.物 ;
repeat/ri'pi:t/ vt.& vi.重复 reply/ri'plai/ vt.回答 ;
rich/rit/ adj.富有的 rise/raiz/ vi.升起;起床 ;
rose/ruz/(过去式) risen/'rizn/ (过去分词) rod/rd/n.杆;棒 ;
save/seiv/vt.节约 saying/'seii/n.格言 signer/'sain/n.签名者 ;
slang/sl/俚语 stove/stuv/n.炉子 trade/treid/vt.交换 ;
weathy/'weli/ adj.富裕的 wisdon/'wizdm/n.智慧 ;
wise/waiz/ adj.聪明地 wisely/'waizli/ adv.聪明地 ;
worm/w:m/n.虫 worth/w:/ adj.值...的 ;
Proper Nouns Benjamin Franklin 本杰明.福兰克林 ;
TEXT American Proverbs ;
Most of the jokes told by comedians are soon forgotten. ;
They are not as permanent as the sayings of wise people ;
sayings that are passed on from generation to generation ;
Known as proverbs, ;
these words of great wisdom provide quick ;
reminders of how to live properly and happily. ;
The Chinese and Spanish languages are particularly rich in proverbs, ;
which form an important part of all languages. ;
In the United States the proverbs written over two hundred years ;
ago by Benjamin Franklin are still being repeated. ;
Benjamin Franklin was one of the original signers of the American Constitution ;
He also invented bifocal eyeglasses to help us see better, ;
the lightning rod to protect our homes and a new kind of stove to keep us warm. ;
When children want to stay up late, their parents quote Benjamin Frankin ;
:"Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy,wealthy, and wise." ;
When the children want to spend their money on candy, ;
parents again quote Franklin:A penny saved is a penny earned." ;
Children are also reminded that"God help them that help themselves," ;
another of Franklin's saying. ;
Proverbs are so much a part of language that ;
the student is wise to study the old expressions as well as the newest ones that ;
we sometimes call "slang".If you hear a person say,"The early bird catches the worm," ;
it may be because someone gets up too late. ;
To the person who does not spend money wisely,someone may say, ;
"A fool and his money are soon parted." ;
If you must go to the doctor because of a careless accident, ;
people may remind you that"An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure." ;
"A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush" ;
is a saying to make us think before we trade what we already have ;
for something we only hope to get. ;
People frequently use proverbs to explain their feelings. ;
If they do not want to travel, they will say,"There's no place like home." ;
If someone wants them to work,they may reply "All work and no play makes jack a dull boy." ;
Lesson Five ;
Words and Expressions ;
beauty/'bju:ti/n.美丽 bring/bri/vt.带来； 使处于某种状态 ;
brought/br:t/ (过去式,过去分词) castle/'ka:sl/ n.城堡 ;
century/'senturi/ n.世纪 chief/ti:f/n.首领 cover/'kv/vt.覆盖 ;
culture/'klt/ n.文化 dirt/d:t/n.泥土 empty/'empti/adj.空的 ;
farmland/'fa:mlnd/ n.农田 faroff/'fa:'(:)f/ adj.遥远的 ;
forgive/f'giv/ vt.原谅;饶恕 forgave/f'geiv/ (过去式) ;
forgiven/f'givn/ (过去分词) govern/'gvn/vt. 统治;管理 ;
highland/'hailnd/ n.高地;高原 hill/hil/ n.小山;丘陵 ;
include/in'klu:d/ vt.包括 incredible/in'credbl/ adj.难以置信的 ;
independent adj.独立的 island/'ailnd/n.岛屿 ;
king/ki/n.国王 lake/leik/n.湖 law/l:/n.法律 ;
million/'miljn/ num.百万 mountain/'mauntin/ n.山 ;
music/'mju:zik/n.音乐 natural/'ntrl/ adj.自然界的 ;
northeast /'n:'i:st/ n.and.adj.东北(的) ;
northern/'n:n/ adj.北部的 ;
oil/il/n.石油;油 parliament /'pa:lmnt/ n.议会 ;
population /,ppju'lein/ 人口 ;
queen/kwi:n/n.王后 railway/'reilwei/ n.铁路 reason/'ri:zn/n.原因 ;
river/'riv/ n.江河 road/rud/n.道路 ;
romantic/ru'mntik/ adj.浪漫的 rule/'ru:l/n.统治 ;
sea/si:/n.海 separate/'seprit/ adj.分离的;独立的; ;
shine/ain/vi.照耀 shone/n/ (过去式;过去分词) ski/ski:/vi.滑雪 ;
southern/'sn/ adj.南部的 succeed/sk'si:d/ vi.成功的 ;
under/'nd/ prep.在下面 valley/'vli/ n.山谷 ;
warlike/'w:laik/ adj.好战的 whisky/'wiski/ adj.威士忌酒 ;
wildness/'waildnist/ n.荒野 Proper Nouns ;
Aberdeen/,b'di:n/ (英国)阿伯丁 Edinburgh (英国)爱丁堡 ;
the Highlands 苏格兰高地 London/'lndn/伦敦 ;
The North Sea北海 Scot苏格兰人 Scotland 苏格兰 Scotsman苏格兰男人 ;
TEXT A Special Way of Life ;
A lot of people think that Scotland is a part of England.But, ;
as any Scotsman will tell you,it certainly is not.In fact, ;
until the eighteenth century Scotland was an independent country, ;
with a parliament of its own. ;
The English had tried many times ;
over many centuries to bring Scotland under their rule. ;
They succeeded at last in 1707,and some Scots have never forgive them. ;
Scotland is now govemed from London, ;
but in some ways it is still a separate nation. ;
It has it own capital city,its own law, ;
and its own stamps It even has a language of its own, ;
spoken now by only a few people in the islands. ;
In some ways southem Scotland is like English, ;
with its good farmland and low green hills. ;
But in central and northem Scotland ("the Highlands") ;
there are high mountains and deep valleys,fast rivers and cold lakes. ;
These days,of course, these are good roads and railways all through Scotland. ;
Aberdeen,the northest city where the oil from the North Sea comes to land, ;
is especially easy to reach. ;
But it can still be quite difficult to travel in the winter ;
when the hills are covered with snow. ;
And it always takes a long time to visit the beautiful ;
but far-off islands on the west coast. ;
One reason why Scotland has stayed so different from England ;
is the wildness of the land. ;
It has always been difficult to get there There are only about five milion Scots, ;
and most of them live in the southem half of the country, ;
but they have kept a special culture and way of life of their own. ;
Their own church. the Church of Scotland is different from the Church of England, ;
They have their own kind of music,their own kind of clothes, ;
and their own kind of food and drink, including their famous whisky. ;
Scotland is a country of incredible natural beauty. ;
It is also very empty.In the highlands the population is small, ;
and it is getting smaller all the time. ;
Perhaps that is why visitors always come back.They enjoy the quiet. ;
empty country after the noise and dirt of the town. ;
They like fishing in the clear rivers, and skiing on the snow-covered mountains. ;
They like visiting romantic castles built ;
by warlike chiefs and tragic kings and queers. ;
There's only one problem.They can never be sure that the sun is going to shine. ;
Lesson Six ;
Words and Expressions ;
away/'wei/ adv.远离,在外 bankrupt/'bkrpt/ adj.破产的 ;
bar/ba:/n.酒吧 barbecue/'ba:bikju:/ n.野外烧烤 ;
barman/'ba:mn/ n.酒吧男侍者 beautifully /'bju:tifuli/adv.美丽地 ;
business/'biznis/ n.商业;生意 cleaner/'kli:n/ n.清洁工 ;
colourful/'klful/ adj.彩色的 cook/kuk/vt.烹调 ;
dirty/'d:ti/adj.肮脏的 finish/'fini/ vt.完成 ;
kill/kil/vt.杀害 mean/mi:n/vt.打算;意欲 ;
meant/ment/ (过去式;过去分词) moussaka/mu:'sa:k/ n.茄子肉饼 ;
move/mu:v/ vi.迁移;搬家 offer/'f/vt.提出; 表示愿意 ;
pleasant/'pleznt/ adj.舒适的 pocket/'pkit/ n.口袋 ;
pub/pb/n.(英)小酒店 publican/'pblikn/ n.(英)小酒店老板 ;
pubmanager /'pb,mnid/ n.(英)小酒店经理 ;
quiet/'kwait/ adj.安静的 ;
rough/r/adj.粗暴的 side/said/n.方面 suburb/'sb:b/n.郊区 ;
tough/t/ adj.强横的 train/train/vt. 训练 ;
vicar/'vik/n.(英) 教区牧师 washing-up n.(餐后碗碟)洗涤 ;
well-known /'wel'num/adj.出名的 Proper Nouns ;
Dave/deiv/ (男人名) Ind Coope/'ind'ku:p/ ;
Mags/mgs/(女人名) Marlborough /'ma:lbr/ ;
Munich/'mju:nik/ (德国)墨尼黑(市) ;
Richmond/'ritmnt/ (地名) Swansea/'swnzi/ (英国)斯旺西(市) ;
Wales/weilz/威尔士 ;
TEXT Dave and Mags at the Marborough ;
Nobody could work harder than Dave and Mags. ;
It just isn't possible. ;
Their day starts at seven forty- five when the cleaner arrives. ;
and it finishes at eleven thirty when the evening's washing-up ;
is done.And it's the same seven days a week 365 days a year.Well, ;
that's not quite true. Last year they found ;
the time to take their children away for a short holiday. ;
Dave and Mags run a pub. ;
They never meant to get into the pub business. ;
Dave started as a builder in Swansea,his home town in Wales. ;
But he business went bankrupt ;
On the first January 1977 he took the train to London. ;
"I"ll get a job. He told his wife, Mags,"or I kill myself ", ;
Mags didn't hear from him for three months. ;
During that time,Dave saw the worst side of London. ;
He walked the streets by day. ;
and slept in a poor hotel at night,sharing a room with six other men. ;
But soon he got a job as a barman in a pub.And a few weeks later, ;
Ind Coope,the company that owned the pub, ;
offered to train him as a publican (a pubmanager). ;
When Dave and Mags got their first pub,they had exactly 23p left in their pockets. ;
The people who came to the pub were rough, tough and difficult. So Dave was rough too. ;
He threw out the difficult customers, ;
and slowly changed the pub into a quieter,friendlier place, ;
The company was very pleased, ;
They offered Dave and Mags the Marlborough,a large old pub in Richmond, ;
one of London's most pleasant suburbs.The pub was in a good place, ;
but it needed a lot of work. ;
Mags moved in at four o'clock one afternoon, ;
and moved out again at four-thirty. ;
It was too dirty for a young family to sleep in. ;
Now,five years later, the beautifully clean bar is full of happy customers. ;
Children play in the colourful garden, ;
where the barbecue is always busy.Dave and Mags are well-known in Richmond. ;
People tell them their problem,and ask their advice. ;
"The vicar and I were talking about our jobs the other day. ;
"Dave said."We agreed that they are the same in some ways. ;
"And it's not only Richmond people who've heard of Dave and Mags. ;
"A man came in here the other day,"said Mags,"who had met a friend in Munich. ;
The friend had said to him,'You're going to London,are you? ;
Well,don't forget to go to the Marlborough in Richmond and ask the ;
lady to cook you her moussaka.'" ;
Lesson Seven ;
Words and Expressions ;
academic/,k'demik/ adj.学术的 actually/'ktjuli/ adv.实际上 ;
believe/bi'li:v/ vt.相信 boarding/'b:di/ adj.供膳宿的 ;
boarding school 寄宿学校 ;
businessman /'biznismn/n.商人 (复数businessmen) ;
clever/'klev/ adj.聪明的 ;
comprehensive /,kmpri'hensiv/ adj.综合的 ;
grammar/'grm/ n.语法 grow/gru/ vi.发展;增长 ;
grew/gru:/(过去式) grown/grun/(过去分词) ;
intelligent /in'telidnt/ adj.聪明的 ;
main/mein/adj.主要的 modern/'mdn/ adj.现代的 ;
percent/p'sent/ n.百分之... practical/'prktikn/ adj.实践的;注重实践的 ;
private/'praivit/ adj.私人的 ;
pronunciation /pr,nnsi'ein/ n.发音;语音 ;
result/ri'zlt/n.结果 scientist/'saintist/ n.科学家 ;
secondary/'sekndri/ adj.第二的,中级的 secondary school 中学 ;
social/'sul/ adj.社会的 status/'steits/ n.地位 ;
subject/'sbdikt/ n.学科;科目 system/'sistm/n.系统 ;
unfair/'n'f/ adj.不公平的 ;
upper/'p/ adj.地位较高的 upper class上层阶级 ;
TEXT Secondary School in Britain ;
Before the 1960s there were two main kinds of state secondary schools in Britain:" ;
grammar"schools and "secondary modern" schools. ;
The garmmar schools were for the most inteligent children ;
and the secondary modern schools were for the ;
"less intelligent" children. ;
Many people felt that this system was unfair. ;
During the 1960s and 1970s the government dicided to join the grammar ;
and secondary modern school.The new,bigger schools were called" ;
comprehensives" ;
More than eighty per cent of the state ;
secondary schools in Britain are now comprehensives. ;
Everyone hoped that comprehensive schools ;
would be the answer to the nation's education problems. ;
They hoped that children would do better ;
if they chose from many different subjects. ;
They believed that the not-so-clever would learn more when ;
working with the clever. ;
They thought that a more practical education would give the country better ;
scientists and businessmen. ;
But not everyone was pleased with the results. ;
The new schools brought new problems. ;
They were big and unfriendly. Some schools soon had a bad name. ;
By the beginning of the 1980s many comprehensive schools were doing better. ;
Both students and teachers were used to the new system and were making it work. ;
But the system is still not really fair. ;
In some areas the comprehensive schools can be very good.But in other areas, ;
especially in the city centres,there are still serious problems. ;
As well as the state schools,there are about 500 private schools in Britain. ;
Most of these are boarding schools,where the children actually live in the school. ;
Private schools are very expensive(up to 9,000 a year). ;
some private schools give a very good academic education. Some do not. ;
But nearly all private schools have good social status. ;
The boys and girls who go to ;
them learn to speak with upper-class pronunciation. ;
They make friends with children from families like their own, ;
and they often find it easier to find a job. ;
Many people feel that this is wrong,but the private schools are still growing. ;
Lesson Eight ;
Words and Expressions ;
allow/'lau/vt.允许 announce/'nauns/ vt.宣布 apart/'pa:t/adv.除去 ;
authority/:'riti/ n.权力;权威 blue/blu:/adj.蓝色的 ;
boot/bu:t/ n.[英](汽车的)行李箱 chat/tt/n.闲谈 clinic/'klinik/n.诊所 ;
coolly/'ku:li/ adv.冷静地;冷淡的 ;
elegant/'elignt/ adj.(举止服饰等)优美 雅致; ;
expect/iks'pekt/ vt.期待;盼望 fill/fil/ vt.装满;充满 ;
forward/'f:wd/ adv.向前 grey/grei/adj.灰色的 ;
ground/graund/ n.场地;庭院 knock/nk/ vi.敲;打 ;
lay/lei/vt.放置 laid/leid/ (过去式;过去分词) ;
leather/'le/ n.皮革 meal/mi:l/n.膳食;一餐 ;
obviously/'bvisli/ adv.明显地 ought/:t/v.aux.应该 park/pa:k/vt.停泊(车辆) ;
permission/p'min/ n.允许 ;
pullover/'pul,auv/ n.套衫 ring/ri/vi.打电话 ;
rang/r/(过去式) rung/r/(过去分词) scale/skeil/n.磅秤 ;
secretary/'sekrtri/ n.秘书 sheet/i:t/n.单 shirt/:t/n.衬衣 ;
slim/slim/adj.苗条的 sock/sk/n.短袜 stand/stnd/vi.站立 ;
stood/stud/ (过去式,过去分词) step/step/n.脚步; vi.步行 ;
strip/strip/ vt.剥去(衣服等) suit/sju:t/ (一套)衣服 ;
suitcase/'sju:tkeis/ n.衣箱 trousers/'trauzz/n. (通常用复数形式)裤子 ;
tulip/'tju:lip/ n.郁金香 ;
underclothes /'nd'kuz/ [通常复数形式]内衣裤 ;
vase/va:z/n.花瓶 weigh/wei/ vt.称...的重量 ;
welcome/'welkm/ interj.欢迎 Proper Nouns ;
Bernstein/'b:nstain/ (姓) Coffey/'kfi/(人名) Mercedes/'m:sidi:z/ (汽车牌名) ;
Tony/'tuni/(男人名) Zimmerman/'zimmn/ (姓) ;
TEXT A Special Clinic ;
It was just four o'clock as Tony drove up and parked his Mercedes ;
at the side of the fine,big house. He locked the car, ;
took his leather suitcase from the boot and went in through the front door. ;
A slim,elegant woman, wearing a white coat, ;
stepped forward to meet him."I"m Mrs Zimmerman,"she announced," ;
You must be Mr Coffy.Welcome.We've been expecting you." ;
"Oh,yes.I asked my secretary to ring." Mrs Zimmerman nodded. ;
"I believe this is your first visit to the clinic." ;
She spoke quietly,but with an air of authority. ;
"I'll show you your room and then you'd better come down to my office for a chat." ;
The room was clean and bright and a white vase filled with ;
yellow tulips stood on a table beside the window. ;
Tony took off his blue suit and put on a green shirt, ;
grey trousers and a yellow pullover. ;
Then he went downstairs and knocked at the door of Mrs Zimmerman's office. ;
She looked up from her desk and smiled at him coolly." ;
Please sit down,"she said."We have a few simple rules here and I'd ;
like to go over them with you."Tony nodded ;
"When you get your diet sheet, ;
you must study it carefully and you mustn't eat or ;
drink anything not on that sheet. ;
Also you mustn't eat anything outside the meal ;
times laid down by the clinic. ;
You obviously need to lose quite a lot of weight, ;
so apart from dieting,you ought to try and take as ;
much exercise as possible." ;
"Presumably we aren't allowed to leave the grounds?"asked Tony. ;
"No,you mustn't leave the grounds without permission from myself or Dr Bernstein," ;
replied Mrs Zimmerman. "Now,I want you to strip down to your underclother, ;
I'm going to weigh you...no,you needn't take off you socks... ;
right,stand on the scales,please..." ;
Lesson Nine ;
Words and Expressions ;
awful/':fl/adj.可怕的 calm/ka:m/ adj.镇静的;沉着的 ;
coldly/'kuldli/ adv.冷淡地 ;
detective/di'tektiv/ n.侦探 door/d,d/n.门 ;
enquire/in'kwai/ vi.询问 ;
examine/ig'zmin/ vt.检查 guilty/'gilti/ adj.内疚的 ;
hardly/'ha:dli/ adv.几乎不,简直不 inform/in'f:m/ vt.告诉,通知 ;
inform sb of sth 把某事告诉某人 kitchen/'kitin/n.厨房 lock/lk/n.锁 ;
missing/'misi/ adj.失去的;失踪的 police/p'li:s/n.警察 ;
polite/p'lait/ adj.礼貌的 pot/pt/n.壶 ;
proper/'prp/ adj.适合的;适当的 realise/'rilaiz/ vt.认识到 ;
relax/ri'lks/ vi.松弛,放松 relieve/ri'li:v/ vt.使宽慰 ;
shut/t/ vt.关上;关闭 shut/t/ (过去式;过去分词) ;
straight/streit/ adv.直接地 straight away 立刻;马上 ;
touch/tt/ vt.触摸,碰到 truth/tru:/ n.真相,实际情况 ;
unfortunately /n'f:tnitli/ adv.不幸的 ;
unwelcome/n'welkm/ adj.不受欢迎的;讨厌的 ;
vague/veig/ adj.含糊的,不明确的 wonder/'wnd/ vt.想知道 ;
Proper Nouns Derek/'derik/(男人名) Louise(女人名) Sybil/'sibil/(女人名) ;
TEXT The Unwelcome Visitor ;
Louise was 72 years old and she lived by herself. ;
The first thing she noticed when she came downstairs that Sunday morning ;
was that her kitchen window was open. ;
In fact it was so wide open that she had trouble shutting it. ;
Then she realised that things were not in their proper places. ;
Finally,when she found her empty purse on the kitchen table, ;
she realised the awful truth.At first she did not know what to do. ;
Then she decided to ring her son,Derek. Derek's wife Sybil answered the phone. ;
"It's your mother," she informed him, coldly. ;
Louise told Derek about the open window, ;
about things being in the wrong place ;
and about the money missing from her purse. ;
"All right,"said Derek, "don't touch anything. I'll be round in half an hour." ;
Louise relaxed and made herself a pot of tea and some toast. ;
Then she went from room to room wondering if anything else was missing. ;
When Derek arrived,he was realieved to find her looking so calm. ;
"Have you rung the police?" he enquired. ;
"No?Then I'll do that straight away." ;
So he rang the police. ;
As it was a Sunday,however,the police were polite,but vague. ;
Unfortunately the only detectives on duty were out. ;
"We'll send someone round as soon as possible," they said. ;
Derek telephoned his wife."I'm not sure when I'll be home, love,he told her. ;
"I've got to wait for the police." ;
While Derek and his mother waited, ;
Derek examined the catches on the windows and the locks on the doors. ;
All of them were old and some of the catches hardly worked at all. ;
Derek felt guilty. ;
His mother was an old woman,after all. ;
"I"ll have to change all these," he told her. ;
