参考翻译:
Confucianism
Confucianism is the largest Chinese school ofthoughts, and the mainstream consciousness ofthe ancient China. Confucianism had been one of theruling doctrines of the feudal ruling class since theHan Dynasty. The core of Confucianism is actually a kind of humanism. It advocates self-cultivation, and believes that human beings are teachable and improvable. A grand goal ofConfucianism is to achieve a harmonious society in which each individual plays his or her partwell, and maintains a good relationship with others.
1.思想流派:可译为school of thoughts。
2.指导思想:可译为ruling doctrine,也可直译为guiding ideology。
3.自我修养:应翻译为self-cultivation。cultivate除了有“耕种;照料”之意,还可以表示“修养,改善”。
4.可教化的、可完善的:都可以使用动词加上“-able”这一形容词后缀的构词法,故分别为teachable和improvable。
5.大同社会:孔子所提出的“大同”的特征是:“大道之行也,天下为公。选贤与能,讲信修睦…”从字面上也可看出,“大同”即为“和谐”之意, 故“大同社会”可译为 harmonious society 或 perfect society。
6.每个人:除可译为everybody、everyone以外,还可译为each individual, 更加强调个体。“扮演好某人的角色”即为play one's part/role well。