初中·课本中不会教你的 243 when, while, as和as soon as
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    243 when, while, as和as soon as

    1 when, while和as 都可以引导状语从句,表示在一个时间段内某个动作正在发生,从句中用进行时态。

    When I was walking along the road, I saw some children playing on the grass. 我沿着马路向前走时,看见一些儿童在草地上玩。

    Mother came in while she was crying. 她正在哭时,母亲进来了。

    As I was sitting under a tree, I found a bag. 我坐在一棵树下时,发现了一只包。

    2 when 既可以表示一个时间段,也可以表示一个时间点(一瞬间);表示一个时间段时,从句谓语动词用进行时态,表示一个时间点时,从句谓语动词根据具体情况用一般过去时或一般现在时。when 引导的时间状语从句里的谓语动词,既可以是延续性的,也可以是非延续性的。

    When/While/As I was having supper , someone knocked at the door. 我在吃晚饭时,有人敲门。(was having supper表示一个时间段 )

    It was twelve o'clock when she went to bed . 她是12点钟上床的。(went to bed表示一个时间点 )

    提示

    when作疑问副词用时,表示一个时间点,句中谓语动词要用一般过去时,不可用现在完成时。

    When did you come?(正)你什么时候来的?

    When have you come? (误)

    3 while 表示一个时间段,引导的从句常用进行时态,表示一个动作正在进行时,另外发生了什么事。要表示两个动作同时进行或两种情况对比时,常用while 。

    He came in while I was reading the newspaper. 我正在读报时他进来了。

    She was watering the flowers while I was working. 我在工作时,她在浇花。(主句和从句都用进行时态 )

    What were you doing while he was watching TV?他看电视时你在干什么?

    Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。

    He fell asleep while listening. 他听着听着睡着了。

    提示

    ①while不能表示一个时间点。

    你离开房间时,请把灯关掉。

    When you leave the room, please turn off the lights. (正)

    While you leave the room, please turn off the lights. (误)

    ②while可用作名词,意为“一会儿,一段时间”,常同a连用。

    After a while they went home. 过了一会儿,他们回家了。

    Please wait for a while . 请等一会儿。

    4 as 表示两个短促行为、事件同时发生或交替进行,有时表示“一边……一边……”。

    As/When I opened the window, I saw the sun rising. 我打开窗时,看见太阳正在升起。

    He looked behind as he ran. 他一边跑一边朝后看。

    She sings as she dances. 她一边跳一边唱。(不可用when, while )

    I saw her as she was getting off the bus.她下公共汽车时我看见了她。

    5 as soon as 意为“一……就”,引导时间状语从句。注意,as soon as 所引导的从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时,而其主句常用一般将来时。

    We'll go home as soon as the rain stops. 雨一停我们就回家去。

    I'll tell her the news as soon as I see her. 我一看到她就告诉她这个计划。

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