例32　The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan's rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs.

【结构分析】主语中心语是The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market，谓语动词是have limited，宾语中心语是the opportunities of teenagers, who引导的定语从句，修饰前面的teenagers, involved in climbing Japan's rigid social ladder是个分词短语修饰前面的sacrifices, to good schools and jobs是个介词短语修饰前面的名词短语social ladder。

【亮点回放】此句话的亮点在于The coming of age of the postwar baby boom这种连环“of”结构做第一个主语，后面who引导的定语从句中的宾语又套了过去分词短语involved in。

【核心词汇】

postwar baby boom　战后婴儿潮

male-dominated　男人为主导的

question　质疑

personal sacrifices　个人牺牲

rigid　严格的

social ladder　社会阶梯

【参考译文】战后婴儿潮一代的步入成年以及女性打入男性主导的劳动力市场使得青少年的发展机会变得极为有限，他们已经在不停地质疑为了爬上日本国内那通往优秀学校和体面工作的严酷的社会阶梯而做出的巨大的个人牺牲。