(四)增加名词
a. 在不及物动词后面增加名词
英语中有些动词有时作及物动词,有时用作不及物动词;当它作不及物动词时,宾语实际上是隐含在动词后面的,译成汉语时往往需要把它表达出来。例如to wash before meal 是“饭前洗手”,如果不译出隐含的宾语“手”,译文“饭前洗一洗”的意思就不明确。
Mary washed for a living after her husband died of acute pneumonia.
玛丽在丈夫患急性肺炎去世后,就靠洗衣服维持生活。
First you borrow, then you beg.
头一遭借钱,下一遭讨饭。
Day after day he came to his work --- sweeping, scrubbing, cleaning.
他每天来干活——扫地、擦地板、收拾房间。
Then Lieutenant Grub launched into the old recruiting routine, "See, save and serve! Hannigan, free tour to all the ports in the world. A fine ship for a home. Three meals a day without charge ... You mustn't let such a golden opportunity slip by."
于是,格拉布上尉开始说起招兵的老一套了:“见见世面,攒点钱,为国家出点力!汉尼根,免费周游世界上所有的港口。一艘上好的船为家,一天三餐不要钱。……你千万不要错过这样大好的机会呀!”